Can existing drugs stop COVID-19 from getting worse?
NCT ID NCT04581954
First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time
Summary
This study tested two drugs, ruxolitinib and fostamatinib, in hospitalized adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. The goal was to see if either drug could prevent the disease from becoming severe. 185 patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the drugs or standard care for 14 days, and their progress was tracked for 28 days.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- ruxolitinib and fostamatinib
- What this could lead to
- If successful, these drugs could offer a new treatment option to prevent severe COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients.
- What could go wrong
- This was a relatively small, early-phase trial (Phase 1/2) with 185 participants, so results may not apply to everyone. The drugs also have known side effects like infection risk.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
-
Phase 1/2
Runs two stages together: safety and dose first, then whether the treatment works.
- Participants
-
185 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
-
Oct 2020
- Finished
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Sep 2023
- Lead sponsor
-
Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
-
18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
-
Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Patients age ≥ 18 years at screening * Patients with mild or moderate C19 pneumonia, defined as Grade 3 or 4 severity by the WHO COVID-19 Ordinal Scale by * Patients meeting criteria: Hospitalization AND SARS-CoV2 infection (clinically suspected\* or laboratory-confirmed) AND Radiological change consistent with COVID-19 disease * C-reactive protein (CRP) greater than or equal to 30mg/L * Informed consent from patient or personal or professional representative * No medical history that might, in the opinion of the responsible clinician, put the patient at significant risk if he/she were to participate in the trial * Agreement to abstain from sexual intercourse or use contraception that is \>99% effective for all participants of childbearing potential for 42 days after the last dose of study drug. For male participants, agreement to abstain from sperm donation for 42 days after the last dose of study drug. * Able to read English. Non-English speakers will be able to join the study. If patients are unable to understand verbal or written information in English - hospital translation services will be requested at the participating site for the participant where possible. Exclusion Criteria: * Requiring either invasive or non-invasive ventilation including CPAP or high flow nasal oxygen at any point after hospital admission and before baseline not related to a pre-existing condition (e.g. obstructive sleep apnoea) * Grade ≥ 5 severity on the modified WHO COVID-19 Ordinal Scale, viz. O2 saturation \< 90% on ≥ 60% inspired oxygen at baseline; non-invasive ventilation; or invasive mechanical ventilation at any point since hospital admission. * In the opinion of the investigator, progression to death is inevitable within the next 24 hours, irrespective of the provision of therapy * Known severe allergic reactions to the investigational agents * Child Pugh B or C grade hepatic dysfunction * Use of drugs within the preceding 14 days that are known to interact with any study treatment (FOS or RUX), as listed in the Summary of Product Characteristics * Pregnant or breast feeding * Any medical condition or concomitant medication that in the opinion of the investigator would compromise subjects' safety or compliance with study procedures. * Any medical condition which in the opinion of the principal investigator would compromise the scientific integrity of the study * Pregnant or breast feeding
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
-
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
London, W12 0HS, United Kingdom
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London North West University Healthcare
London, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom
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Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
Reading, RG1 5AN, United Kingdom
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Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - Royal Hallamshire Hospital
Sheffield, S10 2JF, United Kingdom
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The Leeds Teaching Hospital - St James University Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
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