Can ketamine or lidocaine reduce opioid use for broken rib pain?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adults ≥ 18 years old 2. ≥ 3 traumatic blunt rib fractures 3. Enrollment within 16 hours of being admitted to the hospital 4. Patients whom in the investigator's clinical judgement, would require escalated pain control regiments in the future and would potentially benefit from participation in this study in terms of pain control. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients receiving any regional/neuraxial anesthetic techniques or ketamine infusion before randomization 2. Adults with diminished decision-making capacity 3. Adults of limited English proficiency/non-English speakers 4. Prisoners 5. Pregnant or breastfeeding women 6. Patient admission weight greater than 120 kg 7. Patients with any of the following medical history: 1. Active delirium (as defined by Confusion Assessment Method) 2. Dementia 3. Psychosis 4. Glaucoma 5. Heart block (except with patients with a functioning artificial pacemaker) 6. Congestive heart failure (ejection fraction \<20% recorded in last year) 7. Adams-Stokes syndrome 8. Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome 8. Patient is unable to communicate with staff for pain assessments at time of enrollment 9. Most recent documented Glasgow Coma Score \<15 at the time of study enrollment 10. Severe bradycardia (heart rate \<50 bpm based on last vital sign recorded at time of study enrollment) 11. Sustained hypertension (systolic blood pressure \>180 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure \>100 mm Hg for at least 3 sets of vital signs in a row prior to study enrollment) 12. Any seizure suspected or identified during hospital admission 13. Patient with active acute coronary syndrome obtained from admission problem list 14. Patients with known hepatic disease or acute liver failure a. Acute liver failure on admission defined as either: i. International normalized ratio \> 1.5, without being on home anticoagulation ii. Aspartate aminotransferase or Alanine aminotransferase greater than 120 IU/L (3 times upper limit of normal) b. Known hepatic disease defined as past medical history of Child Turcotte Pugh (Child's) score C 15. Patients with a history of end-stage renal disease or admission creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≤30 ml/min a. CrCl will be based on Cockcroft-Gault equation from admission labs 16. Use of antiarrhythmic medication therapy prior or during admission a. Amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide, dronedarone, mexilitine 17. Patients with a known allergy/sensitivity to lidocaine or ketamine, amide anesthetics, or components of the solution 18. Patients who, in the investigator's opinion, should not be included in this study.