App alerts heroes: volunteers with defibrillators rush to cardiac arrests
NCT ID NCT03835403
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study tested whether using a smartphone app to alert nearby volunteers (called 'heart runners') to bring an automated external defibrillator (AED) to a suspected cardiac arrest can improve survival. Over 2,000 emergency calls were randomly assigned to either activate these volunteers or provide standard emergency medical services alone. The main goal was to see if more patients were alive 30 days later, and the study also checked for any harm to the volunteers.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Smartphone app activation of volunteer citizen first-responders with AEDs
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this approach could significantly increase survival rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by getting defibrillators to patients faster.
- What could go wrong
- The trial is completed but results may show no survival benefit, and there are risks of psychological or physical harm to volunteer responders.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
-
Not a phased trial
Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.
- Participants
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2,114 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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May 2019
- Finished
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Mar 2026
- Lead sponsor
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A government agency
The lead sponsor is a government body.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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8 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
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Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * All out-of-hospital cardiac arrests recognized by Emergency Medical Dispatcher and where the HeartRunner system is activated. * Non-traumatic etiology, this excludes intoxication, drowning or suicide. * Age \> 7 years Exclusion Criteria: * Caller is not in direct contact with the patient * If Emergency Medical Dispatcher deems AED is not indicated, e.g., in nursing homes where trained personal is present. * OHCAs not treated by the EMS due to ethical reasons or obvious signs of death * OHCAs with no heart runners within 1800 meters * Not true cardiac arrest (suspected, but not verified) * EMS-witnessed OHCAs Emergency medical dispatchers are instructed not to activate heart runners in case any of the exclusion criteria above. However, since it can be challenging for emergency medical dispatchers to gather sufficient information about the patient within the first few minutes, heart runners will admittedly be activated even though they should not have been. Since randomization will occur for all cases in which a heart runner is activated, cases with any of the exclusion criteria will be secondarily excluded. These cases will be accounted for but not included in analyses of outcome. Our pilot study showed approximately 60% of suspected cardiac arrests were true cardiac arrests. Therefore, we expect 40% of cases for which heart runners were dispatched not to be true cardiac arrests.
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Emergency Medical Services Copenhagen
Copenhagen, Ballerup, Denmark
More trials for these conditions
Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
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