Pedal to preserve sight: study tests if exercise slows glaucoma damage

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 21 40 to 80 (for glaucoma and control groups - pilot subjects must be age 21-80) 2. Ability to read and respond to questions in English (facilitating GlauCAT™ questionnaire completion) 3. Physician diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma in both eyes (glaucoma group) 4. Visual field mean deviation between -5 and -15 dB (decibel) in at least one eye (glaucoma group) 5. Visual acuity of 20/40 or better in both eyes (control and pilot groups) 6. Normal contrast sensitivity as judged by a logCS\>1.50 in both eyes (control and pilot groups) 7. Willingness to have at least 1 eye dilated at 3 prescribed study visits. Exclusion Criteria: 1. The presence of self-reported or chart-recorded significant comorbid eye conditions in either eye, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, uveitis, retinal artery or vein occlusion, central serous retinopathy, amblyopia, or optic neuropathy other than glaucoma. 2. Individuals will also be excluded from the control group if they have a history of self-reported or chart-recorded glaucoma, suspect glaucoma, or ocular hypertension. Individuals with less serious conditions (dry eye, early cataract, mild posterior capsular opacification, mild epiretinal membranes, allergic conjunctivitis, pinguecula, etc.) will be allowed into the study if they meet the visual criteria above. 3. Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP), with systolic blood pressure (SBP) BP\>160 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) BP\>100 at the first study visit (with or without anti-hypertensive medications). 4. Incisional procedures (ocular or non-ocular) in the past 6 months (minor dermatological procedures are acceptable). 5. Self-report of comorbidities or orthopedic issues which would make the prescribed exercise (resistance band training and exercise bicycling) impossible. 6. Current cigarette smoking or using electronic cigarettes to smoke. 7. Body mass index \<18 or \>42 kg/m2. 8. Current or planned pregnancy. 9. Self-report moderate or vigorous activity for more than 90 minutes weekly. Activities classified as moderate/vigorous include running, swimming, resistance training, most sports (basketball, volleyball, tennis), walking briskly (15' per mile), bicycling, active gardening, aerobics, or other similar activities. 10. Suitability for exercise will be confirmed by administering the Physical Activity (PA) Readiness Questionnaire Plus (PAR-Q+), a two-part questionnaire in which individuals can be categorized as fit for exercise. In the first part of the questionnaire, patients are asked 7 questions regarding self-reported: (1) heart disease/high blood pressure, (2) chest pain at rest or with activity, (3) poor balance, dizziness or loss of consciousness, (4) chronic medical conditions other than heart disease, (5) medications for chronic medical conditions, (6) bone or joint problems that could worsen with physical activity, or (7) being told by a doctor that they should only do medically-supervised physical activity. 11. If individuals answer no, they are eligible for the exercise intervention. 12. If they answer yes, they are asked several additional, more detailed questions to gauge the severity of their conditions (i.e., arthritis requiring steroid injections or tablets, cancer requiring active chemotherapy, chronic heart failure, etc.). If they answer yes to any of these questions, they will be excluded from study participation. 13. As some exclusion criteria (blood pressure, body-mass index, PAR-Q+ scores) are obtained after the consent, the numbers consenting and proceeding to the test will differ.