100,000 seniors studied to uncover links between diabetes, heart risk, and kidney disease

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

For Sub-cohort 1, the inclusion and exclusion criteria are as follows: Inclusion Criteria: 1. Baseline age ≥ 65 years. 2. Availability of baseline data on serum creatinine and at least one urinary protein measurement. 3. Urinary protein measurements include: UACR, UPCR, 24-hour urine protein quantification, and urine protein dipstick test. 4. Baseline date requirement: Between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2025. 5. Follow-up requirement meeting at least one of the following: At least one serum creatinine measurement with an interval of ≥ 6 months after baseline. Occurrence of a primary endpoint event (new-onset CKD). Exclusion Criteria: Presence of CKD at baseline, defined as: Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \< 60 ml/(min·1.73m²) or positive urine protein; or the presence of an ICD-10 diagnostic code for CKD in medical records. For Sub-cohort 2 (CKD Patients), the inclusion and exclusion criteria are as follows: Inclusion Criteria: 1. Baseline age ≥ 65 years. 2. Meeting the diagnostic criteria for CKD: Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \< 60 ml/(min·1.73m²) or urine protein (UACR ≥ 30 mg/g); or based on ICD-10 codes. 3. Baseline date requirement: Between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2025. 4. Follow-up requirement meeting at least one of the following: Occurrence of a primary endpoint event (mortality, ESRD); At least one serum creatinine measurement with an interval of ≥ 6 months after baseline. Exclusion Criteria: 1. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) at baseline (eGFR \< 15 ml/(min·1.73m²), or prior receipt of kidney transplant or dialysis), based on ICD codes). 2. Diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) within the preceding 3 months. 3. New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV heart failure or occurrence of acute myocardial infarction within the preceding 6 months. 4. Child-Pugh Class B or C liver cirrhosis. 5. Malignant neoplasm.