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Breathing carbon dioxide to uncover hidden stroke risks in kids

NCT ID NCT04157179

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 26, 2026

Summary

This study aims to learn how blood flow and oxygen use in the brain change as children grow, especially in those with sickle cell disease who are at risk for stroke. Researchers will use MRI scans and have participants breathe in small amounts of carbon dioxide to see how well their brain blood vessels expand. The study includes healthy children and adults as well as those with sickle cell disease, and may also involve blood tests and thinking assessments.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Carbon dioxide
What this could lead to
If successful, this could help doctors better understand how blood flow and oxygen supply affect brain development and stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. It will not directly improve health, and results may not lead to new therapies for years.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 350 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Oct 2019

Expected to finish

Dec 2027

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

3 to 50 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Healthy Controls: * Healthy controls ages 3-50 years of age * Able to participate in MRI scan without sedation * Not currently pregnant * No significant psychiatric history, defined as having a severe psychiatric diagnosis, per PI discretion * No history of epilepsy * No history of stroke or cerebrovascular disease * May have occasional headaches if not taking a daily preventative medication for headaches * Not on vasodilatory medication, such as sildenafil or verapamil Sickle Cell Anemia Participants: * Ages 3-50 years of age * Hb SS or SBeta-thal * Able to participate in MRI scan without sedation * Not currently pregnant * Not on vasodilatory medication, such as sildenafil or verapamil Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Survivors: * Ages 3-50 years of age * History of cannulation for ECMO * Able to participate in MRI scan without sedation * Not currently pregnant * Not on vasodilatory medication, such as sildenafil or verapamil

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

cerebral infarction sickle cell disease stroke disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Cerebral stroke Sickle cell disease

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Washington University of St. Louis

    RECRUITING

    St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

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