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AI or human? study asks older adults to choose their specialist

NCT ID NCT07766694

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: University of Pennsylvania Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Aug 14, 2026 · Last updated Sep 10, 2026 · Updated 2 times

Summary

This study investigates whether older adults and primary care clinicians prefer medical advice from a human specialist or an AI system. Participants review hypothetical e-consults with different features, such as wait time, cost, and quality, to see what they value most. The goal is to understand tradeoffs and inform future AI-based e-consults that better match patient and clinician needs.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
AI-based e-consult system (hypothetical scenarios)
What this could lead to
If successful, this could guide the design of AI-based e-consults that align with patient and clinician preferences, potentially making specialist advice faster and more affordable.
What could go wrong
This is a survey-based study, not a test of real AI systems, so results may not reflect actual use. Preferences may vary widely and not guarantee real-world acceptance.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 220 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Sep 2026

Expected to finish

Dec 2026

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

65 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

PATIENTS: Inclusion Criteria: * Adult, 65 years of age or older * Had at least two office visits at Penn Medicine in the past 12 months * Has an upcoming appointment in a Penn Medicine primary care setting, including family medicine, internal medicine, and geriatric medicine Exclusion Criteria: * Documented Alzheimer's, dementia, or related condition CLINICIANS: Inclusion Criteria: * Adult, 18 years of age or older * Works at Penn Medicine as one of the following: physician, nurse practitioner, or physician's assistant * Works in a primary care Penn Medicine setting including: family medicine, internal medicine, geriatrics medicine Exclusion Criteria: * Actively in medical school, internship, or residency

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As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Primary care patients Primary care provider

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • University of Pennsylvania

    RECRUITING

    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

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