AI vs. doctors: can a computer make the right call for sepsis?
NCT ID NCT07025096
First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jul 24, 2026 · Updated 3 times
Summary
This study asks 350 critical care doctors and advanced practice providers to review fictional patient cases of sepsis and ARDS. Each case includes treatment recommendations that were either made by a real clinician or generated by an artificial intelligence system. The participants will judge whether the recommendations are safe and appropriate, and guess whether they came from a human or AI. The goal is to see if AI can produce recommendations that are indistinguishable from those of experienced clinicians.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support system
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this could show that AI can help doctors make better decisions for sepsis and ARDS patients, potentially improving care in intensive care units.
- What could go wrong
- This is an early-stage survey study with 350 clinicians reviewing fictional cases, not real patients. It tests whether AI recommendations seem realistic, not whether they actually improve patient outcomes.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Not a phased trial
Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.
- Participants
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355 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Dec 2025
- Finished
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Jul 2026
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
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Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Working as a physician (i.e., MD, DO) or an advanced practice provider (i.e., nurse practitioner, physician assistant) * Working at a hospital or medical center in medical critical care, anesthesia critical care, surgical critical care, or emergency medicine Exclusion Criteria: * Has not completed a residency training program (i.e., medical intern or resident)
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
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Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
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