Experimental diabetes drug trial halted early

NCT ID NCT03895437

What the study statuses mean

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early This study
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study tested an experimental drug called TOL-3021 in people with type 1 diabetes to see if it could help preserve the body's ability to produce insulin. The trial enrolled 78 participants aged 12 to 41 who had been diagnosed within the last 5 years. The study was terminated early, so results are limited.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 2

Tests whether the treatment actually works, and watches for side effects, in a larger group.

Participants

78 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Jun 2019

Finished

Dec 2020

Lead sponsor

A company

The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

12 to 40 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria and within 5.0 years from diagnosis, defined as the first day of insulin administration. 2. Age at randomization of 12.0 - \<41.0 years of age . 3. Adequate glycemic control as defined by HbA1c ≤7.9% based on point-of-care or local lab measurement and time in glycemic range (70-180 mg/dL) \>55% by CGM recording over 3 or more consecutive or non-consecutive days within 5 days prior to baseline mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). 4. On insulin therapy (total insulin dose \>0.125 U/kg body weight) 5. Presence of antibodies to at least one of the following antigens: glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), islet antigen 2 (IA-2), zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), or insulin if obtained within 10 days of the onset of exogenous insulin therapy, or documentation of positive antibodies. In the absence of a positive result for one of the specified antibodies, diagnosis of T1D as per the ADA guidelines.. 6. Peak C-peptide during screening 4-hour mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) ≥ 0.150 nmol/L. 7. Willingness to wear the Dexcom G6 continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device and use according to instructions including recording of total daily insulin dose taken most of each day from screening to end of treatment period. 8. Written informed consent and, for subjects aged 12-\<18 years of age, patient assent and parental or guardian consent, including authorization to release health information. 9. Willingness and ability of subject to comply with all study procedures of the study protocol, including attending all clinic visits. Exclusion Criteria 1. Receiving a dose of acetaminophen \>4,000 mg per day. 2. Body Mass Index (BMI) \>32 kg/m² for patients 18 and older (\>85th percentile for ages 12-17) 3. Previous immunotherapy for T1D within 2 years of enrollment. 4. Diagnosis of liver disease or hepatic enzymes, as defined by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN). 5. Hematology: white blood cells (WBC) \<3 x 10⁹/L; platelets \<100 x 10⁹/L; hemoglobin \<10.0 g/dL. (Low WBC values may be repeated every 3-7 days, and results to be discussed with the Medical Monitor.) Any underlying conditions likely to impact red blood cell turnover. 6. Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA), which is generally associated with preceding history and treatment of T2D with medications typically used for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for more than 30 days. 7. Monogenic diabetes (MODY). 8. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<60 ml/min for ages 18-\<41, and \<75 ml/min per 1.73 m² for ages 12-\<18. 9. History of malignancy, except for cancers in remission \>5 years, or basal cell or in situ squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. 10. Significant cardiovascular disease (including inadequately controlled hypertension), history of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, use of anti-anginal medicines (e.g., nitroglycerin), or abnormal stress test, which, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator (PI), would interfere with participation in the trial. 11. Immunosuppressive therapy (systemic corticosteroids, cyclosporine, azathioprine, or biologics) within 30 days of screening. 12. Current or prior (within the last 30 days) use of metformin, sulfonylureas, glinides, thiazolidinediones, GLP1-RAs, DPP-IV inhibitors, pramlintide, or SGLT-2 inhibitors. 13. Current use of verapamil or α-methyldopa. 14. History of any organ transplant, including islet cell transplant. 15. Asthma that requires oral glucocorticoid therapy. Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy is permitted. 16. Active autoimmune or immune deficiency disorder including rheumatoid arthritis, moderate-to-severe psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other autoimmune conditions that may require treatment with tissue necrosis factor (TNF) or other biologics. Permitted autoimmune disorders include T1D or well-controlled autoimmune conditions (e.g., thyroid disease, celiac disease, and sarcoidosis, all with stable non-immunosuppressive medications for the past 30 days). 17. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at screening \>7.5 mIU/L for ages 18-\<41 years old and \> 3.6mIU/L for ages 12-\<18 years old. . 18. Adrenal insufficiency not adequately controlled with stable replacement glucocorticoid therapy. 19. Moderate non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative retinopathy 20. Evidence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), as defined by hepatitis B surface antigen( HBsAg), HCV (anti-HCV antibodies), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 21. Subject is breastfeeding. 22. Positive urine pregnancy test at screening or at any time during the study (pregnancy tests must be performed as per the visit schedule). Females of childbearing potential must be excluded if they have a positive urine pregnancy test at screening or randomization or if they are not using medically acceptable methods of birth control. Acceptable methods of birth control include oral or transdermal contraceptives, condom, spermicidal foam, IUD, progestin implant or injection, abstinence, vaginal ring, or sterilization of partner. The reason for non-childbearing potential, such as bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, hysterectomy, or 1 year or more postmenopausal must be specified in the subject's Case Report Form (CRF). 23. Males of reproductive potential who are unwilling to use medically acceptable birth control, unless the female partner is postmenopausal or surgically sterile. 24. Any social condition or medical condition that would, in the opinion of the principal investigator (PI), prevent complete participation in the study or would pose a significant hazard to the subject's participation. 25. Anticipated major surgery during the duration of the trial, which could interfere with participation in the trial. 26. History of drug or alcohol dependence within 12 months of screening. 27. Psychiatric disorder that would prevent subjects from giving informed consent. 28. Household members of current participants in this protocol. 29. Subjects who are not fluent in the English language. 30. Participation in other studies involving the administration of an investigational drug or experimental device, including the administration of an experimental agent for T1D within 30 days of screening, or use of an experimental therapeutic device for T1D within 30 days prior to screening. Subjects previously treated with diagnostic devices are not excluded. 31. Any current use of biotin or biotin containing supplements

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute UCSD

    San Diego, California, 92093, United States

  • Baptist Health Research Institute

    Jacksonville, Florida, 32258, United States

  • Barbara Davis Center - University of Colorado Denver

    Denver, Colorado, 80045, United States

  • Children's Mercy Hospital

    Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, United States

  • Diabetes and Glandular Disease Clinic, P.A.

    San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States

  • Emory University

    Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States

  • Joslin Diabetes Center- Adult & Pediatric

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States

  • MedStar Health Research Institute

    Baltimore, Maryland, 21239, United States

  • MedStar Health Research Institute

    Hyattsville, Maryland, 20782, United States

  • Mills-Peninsula Medical Center

    San Mateo, California, 94401, United States

  • Mountain Diabetes and Endocrine Center

    Asheville, North Carolina, 28803, United States

  • Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University

    New York, New York, 10032, United States

  • Rocky Mountain Clinical Research

    Idaho Falls, Idaho, 83404, United States

  • SUNY Upstate Medical University

    Syracuse, New York, 13210, United States

  • Stanford University

    Stanford, California, 94305, United States

  • University of California San Francisco

    San Francisco, California, 94143, United States

  • University of Florida

    Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States

  • University of Iowa

    Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States

  • University of Miami Diabetes Research Institute

    Miami, Florida, 33136, United States

  • University of North Carolina Diabetes Care Center

    Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27517, United States

  • University of South Florida Diabetes Center

    Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States

  • University of Virginia

    Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, United States

  • Yale University

    New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States

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