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Can changing how doctors are paid improve diabetes outcomes?

NCT ID NCT02731716

Disease control Sponsor: University of Pennsylvania Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing This study
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Aug 26, 2026 · Last updated Aug 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This trial tests whether a new payment model for primary care doctors—replacing fee-for-service with per-member payments and quality incentives—can improve care for people with diabetes. It also looks at whether adding social comparisons among doctors and financial rewards for patients and providers to lower A1c levels makes a difference. The study involves 117 doctors in Hawaii and measures quality metrics, A1c levels, and primary care spending.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
A new payment model for primary care providers, including per-member payments and quality incentives, plus optional social comparisons and financial incentives for patients and providers to lower A1c levels.
What this could lead to
If successful, this could show that changing payment structures and adding incentives improves diabetes management and reduces healthcare costs, potentially informing broader healthcare reforms.
What could go wrong
The trial is relatively small and focuses on a specific population in Hawaii, so results may not apply elsewhere. Also, financial incentives may not lead to sustained improvements in A1c levels.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

117 people

The number who actually took part.

Start date

Apr 2016

Expected to finish

Jul 2027

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * HMSA physicians who are part of a Provider Organization that is participating in the payment transformation pilot. Exclusion Criteria: * Any physician who is not part of a participating Provider Organization.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

diabetes mellitus

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Diabetes

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Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.