Can a daily antibiotic stop deadly infections in blood cancer patients?

NCT ID NCT03594149

Completed Disease control Sponsor: Centre Henri Becquerel Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study tested whether the antibiotic levofloxacin can prevent fevers and infections in people with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are receiving the chemotherapy drug azacitidine. Infections are a major risk for these patients. The trial randomly assigned 60 participants to receive either levofloxacin or a placebo during their first three cycles of treatment, and tracked how many had a fever that required hospitalization and antibiotics.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance: Levofloxacin (an antibiotic)
What this could lead to: If it works, this could provide a simple way to reduce serious infections in people with MDS or AML during chemotherapy.
What could go wrong: This is a small, completed Phase 3 trial with only 60 participants. The antibiotic may not reduce fevers or could lead to antibiotic resistance.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

acute myeloid leukemia myelodysplastic syndrome Myelodysplastic Syndromes

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES

Contacts and locations

Locations

CHRU Lille

Lille, 59037, France
CHU Amiens

Amiens, 80000, France
CHU Caen

Caen, 14033, France
Centre Henri Becquerel

Rouen, 76000, France

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