Bladder drug may save kids from second surgery for kidney stones

This study tests if a drug called aminophylline, placed directly into the bladder, can help doctors insert a small scope to remove kidney stones in children. About 60 children aged 2 to 17 with a stone in the lower ureter will take part. If the first gentle attempt to pass the scope fails, the child will receive either the drug or a placebo. The goal is to see if the drug makes the second attempt successful, avoiding the need for balloon dilation or a second surgery.