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What shields kids from flu? scientists track blood and nose immunity

NCT ID NCT07861854

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Oct 06, 2026 · Last updated Oct 07, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

Researchers follow 150 healthy children aged 2 to 5 in South Africa through a flu season to see how immune responses in blood and the nose relate to protection against influenza. Nurses collect nasal swabs three times a week and blood samples before, during, and after the season. The goal is to identify which immune markers distinguish children who get infected from those who do not.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If researchers identify which immune markers track with protection, that knowledge could guide better flu vaccines for young children.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, so it cannot prove cause and effect. The findings may not apply to older children or adults, and immune markers that look protective in one season may not hold up in another.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

About 150 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Mar 2026

Expected to finish

Oct 2026

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

All health children aged 2 -5 years of age, residing in the Jouberton Township

Ages

2 to 5 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Children aged 2-5 years of age (i.e. from the second birthday until 5 years and 11 months of age) at the time of enrolment. * Healthy children as established by medical history and clinical examination before entering the study. * Parent availability and willingness to provide written informed consent to all study procedures * Child planning to reside in the selected community for the duration of the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of malnutrition (defined as z score for age \<-2 based on WHO child grown standard at time of screening for eligibility). * Presence of any serious systemic disorder determined by medical history and/or physical examination that would compromise the participant's health or is likely to result in non-conformance to the protocol or a child who is on treatment for any chronic medical condition. * Prior history of receiving influenza vaccination. * Not providing consent for storage and shipment of samples for immunological testing. * Parent of participating child not able, available or willing to accept active weekly follow-up by the study staff, performing a twice-weekly caregiver swab and completing symptom diary on an electronic device or any medical condition in the parents that, in the judgment of the investigator, would interfere with or serves as a contraindication to protocol adherence or a parent's ability to give informed consent. History of chronic administration (defined as more than 14 days) of immunosuppressant medications, including corticosteroids, in the last 6 months (those on inhaled or topical steroids may be permitted to participate in the study. * Child is HIV-infected as identified by self-report or if screening of study eligibility identifies that the child is HIV-infected.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Infections influenza

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Influenza (healthy volunteers) Influenza -like illness

How to take part

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  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

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Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Peri Natal HIV Research Unit

    RECRUITING

    Jouberton, North West, 2193, South Africa

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