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Can doctors safely watch small thyroid cancers instead of removing them?

NCT ID NCT07822217

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: University of Aarhus Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing This study
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Sep 16, 2026 · Last updated Sep 17, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

Researchers at the University of Aarhus are studying whether people with a single thyroid cancer smaller than 2 cm can safely delay surgery and instead have the tumor monitored with ultrasound for five years. The study enrolls 90 adults aged 30 and older whose biopsy shows cancer or suspicious cells and whose tumor measures 2 cm or less in every direction. If the cancer grows or its ultrasound appearance changes, participants are offered further treatment. The main question is how many participants need treatment because of tumor growth within 24 months.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
active surveillance, a monitoring approach instead of immediate surgery
What this could lead to
If active surveillance proves safe, some people with small thyroid cancers could avoid or delay surgery and its risks, including lifelong hormone replacement and changes to the voice.
What could go wrong
This is a small study of 90 people, and some cancers may grow or spread during monitoring. Active surveillance only suits a narrow group: adults with a single tumor 2 cm or smaller and no signs the cancer has spread.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

About 90 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Mar 2026

Expected to finish

Feb 2034

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

Patients of 30 years or older with small, low-risk cancers in the thyroid gland.

Ages

30 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion criteria: * age of 30 years or older AND * single, well-defined tumor in the thyroid gland, with a FNAB suspicious of cancer or diagnostic of cancer (category V or VI in the Bethesda system) AND * tumor size of 2 cm or less in all dimensions. Exclusion criteria: * suspicion of disseminated disease because of: * PET-positive lymph nodes on the neck * suspicious lymph-nodes by neck ultrasonography (US) * signs of capsular invasion of the tumor * suspicion of metastatic disease due to findings on PET-CT-scan or thoracic CT-scan; OR * tumor placement at a high-risk location (in the thyroid capsule or near the trachea) OR * previous thyroid surgery OR * concomitant hyperparathyroidism (ionized calcium \> 1.32 mmol/L and PTH \> 6 pmol/L) OR * if the patient is pregnant OR * If the patient is unable to give informed consent.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

thyroid cancer Thyroid Neoplasms

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Active surveillance Thyroid cancer

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aarhus University Hospital

    Aarhus, 8200, Denmark

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