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Simple stress balls and white noise may ease C-Section fears, study finds

NCT ID NCT07276594

Symptom relief Sponsor: Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study looked at whether using white noise or squeezing a stress ball during a routine fetal heart rate test (NST) can lower anxiety and fear in pregnant women who are scheduled for a planned C-section. 168 women were split into four groups: white noise, stress ball, both, or neither. Researchers measured their fear of surgery and anxiety levels to see if these simple tools helped them feel calmer.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

168 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

May 2025

Finished

Nov 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Female participants only

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years * No communication barriers * 32-38 weeks of gestation, * Planning a cesarean delivery, * No risk factors during pregnancy (preeclampsia, IUGR, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes, etc.), * Single pregnancy, * No health problems (such as fetal anomaly, intrauterine growth restriction) in the fetus Exclusion Criteria: * Having any risk factors during pregnancy (preeclampsia, IUGR, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes, etc.) * Having a multiple pregnancy * Having a fetus with any health problems (such as fetal anomaly, intrauterine growth restriction) Exclusion criteria from the study * Incomplete responses to the survey questions * Wish to withdraw from the study, * Development of a risk condition during pregnancy,

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

anxiety disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Elective cesarean section Non stress test (NST)

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Adıyaman Üniversitesi

    Adıyaman, Adıyaman Province, 0200, Turkey (Türkiye)

  • Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi

    Kahramanmaraş, Kahramanmaraş, 46000, Turkey (Türkiye)

  • İnonu Universty

    Malatya, Malatya, 44000, Turkey (Türkiye)

  • İnonü Universty

    Malatya, Malatya, 4400, Turkey (Türkiye)

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