Eyes on the ground: why Real-World walking challenges people with amputations
NCT ID NCT07831707
First seen Sep 21, 2026 · Last updated Sep 21, 2026
Summary
People with lower limb amputation often struggle to walk in everyday settings despite improvements in rehabilitation. Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University are studying how visual attention and environmental complexity affect real-world mobility. Thirty adults with unilateral transtibial amputation will complete walking tests, eye-tracking during walking, and questionnaires about mobility and balance confidence. The study aims to understand the gap between clinical walking ability and actual community walking.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- What this could lead to
- If the study identifies which visual and cognitive demands limit walking, clinicians could design rehabilitation that better prepares people with lower limb amputation for real-world environments.
- What could go wrong
- This is a small observational study of 30 people, so its findings may not apply broadly. It measures walking patterns and eye movements but does not test a treatment, so it cannot directly improve mobility.
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Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Participants
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About 30 people
The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.
- Started
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Oct 2025
- Expected to finish
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May 2027
An estimate. End dates often move.
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
Who is studied
We will compare gait speed (Aim1) and gaze behavior with eye-tracking glasses (Aim 2) during vision-based (visual puzzles) and non-vision-based (serial subtraction) cognitive-motor dual-tasking while walking on low and high complexity terrain in people with LLA (n=20) and matched controls (n=10).
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * unilateral transtibial LLA of either dysvascular (diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and/or infection) or traumatic etiology * 18 years old minimum * able to ambulate 2 minutes without rest * 9 months since LLA * fitted with terminal prosthesis * 20/60 vision or better (with or without glasses/contacts) Exclusion Criteria: * congenital or cancer-related LLA * ankle-level or above LLA on the contralateral limb * residual limb wound or contralateral foot ulcer * unstable heart condition (including unstable angina, uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmia, acute myocarditis, hypertension, and acute pericarditis) * acute systemic infection * prisoner * inability to follow a 3-step command * concussion/brain injury in the past 12 months * active cancer treatment * preexisting neurological condition (i.e., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease) * participating in prosthetic rehabilitation * color-blindness * history of seizure(s) * inability to read and communicate in English. Participants in the control group must meet the non-amputation-related criteria noted above, be within ±2 years and the same biological sex as their paired participants with LLA.
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As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
How to take part
Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.
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The places running it
1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.
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The official record
ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.
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A doctor treating you
A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Virginia Commonwealth University
RECRUITINGRichmond, Virginia, 23239, United States
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