Smartwatches track urban stress to unlock mental illness secrets

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Diagnosis: The primary diagnosis meets the DSM-IV criteria for depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or alcohol use disorder, and comorbid conditions may be present; 2. Patients with mental disorders aged 18-60 years, with a balanced gender ratio; 3. Normal intelligence and ability to use a smartphone running the Android operating system; 4. Willingness to wear a wristband equipped with physiological monitoring functions (such as heart rate and electrodermal activity), download the study application, and upload data during the study period; 5. Participants with depression or generalized anxiety disorder who are taking medication must be on a single stable dose of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), specifically citalopram or escitalopram, and this medication regimen must have been maintained for at least 5 days. Participants with alcohol use disorder who are taking medication have no restriction on the type of drug, but the medication regimen should also have been maintained for at least 5 days. At baseline assessment, patients with depression or anxiety disorders should have a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) score \>7 or a Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14) score \>7.; 6. Voluntary participation in this study and signing of informed consent; 7. For patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD): AUD patients must have successfully completed alcohol withdrawal, confirmed by clinical standards or relevant healthcare professionals. Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Control Group 1. Healthy subjects aged 18-60 years, with a balanced gender ratio; 2. Normal intelligence and ability to use a smartphone running the Android operating system; 3. Willingness to wear a wristband equipped with physiological monitoring functions (such as heart rate and electrodermal activity), download the study application, and upload data during the study period; 4. Voluntary participation in this study and signing of informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Currently taking opioid medications; 2. Receiving any form of brain stimulation therapy within the past 1 month (including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or other similar treatments); 3. Skin infection or severe skin damage on the wrist or upper limbs that may affect the normal use of monitoring devices; 4. Recent use (within 30 days) of medications that may interfere with drug metabolism, such as strong CYP450 inhibitors/inducers; 5. Severe physical diseases (such as brain tumors or injuries) or special conditions (such as current pregnancy or lactation) that may affect the study protocol; 6. HAMD-17 item 3 (suicide) \>3 points (severe suicidal behavior); Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Control Group 1. Currently using benzodiazepines or opioid medications; 2. Currently receiving any form of brain stimulation therapy (including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or other similar treatments); 3. Skin infection or severe skin damage on the wrist or upper limbs that may affect the normal use of monitoring devices; 4. Recent use (within 30 days) of medications that may interfere with drug metabolism, such as strong CYP450 inhibitors/inducers, or not reaching steady-state drug concentration before the study; 5. Severe physical diseases (such as brain tumors or injuries) or special conditions (such as current pregnancy or lactation) that may affect the study protocol.