Massive medicaid study pinpoints when stimulant overdose strikes
NCT ID NCT05976984
First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 26, 2026
Summary
This study analyzed data from over 634,000 Medicaid enrollees aged 15 and older to understand who is at highest risk for a stimulant overdose and when that risk is greatest. Researchers built models using personal and neighborhood factors to predict overdoses, and also looked at what raises or lowers the chance of a second overdose. The goal is to help create better prevention strategies for this vulnerable population.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this research could help doctors and policymakers identify people at highest risk for stimulant overdose and the times they are most vulnerable, leading to better prevention programs.
- What could go wrong
- This is an observational study using past data, so it cannot prove cause and effect. The findings may not apply to people not covered by Medicaid or to future trends.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Participants
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634,939 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Sep 2021
- Finished
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Aug 2025
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
Who is studied
The study population is a case-cohort sample, with the cases being all Medicaid enrollees ages 15 years or older who had at least one inpatient hospitalization or emergency department encounter indicating a stimulant overdose during 2016-2020, and the subcohort being a random sample of all Medicaid enrollees ages 15 years or older irrespective of their stimulant overdose history. Aim 1 analysis will make full use of the case-cohort sample, whereas Aims 2 and 3 analyses will be restricted to the cases.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Cases: Medicaid enrollees who (1) had an inpatient hospitalization or emergency department encounter indicating a stimulant overdose during 2016-2020, (2) had been continuously enrolled in Medicaid from January 1st of the year preceding the year in which the stimulant overdose occurred, and (3) were 15 years old or older as of January 1 of the year of the overdose. * Random subcohort: Medicaid enrollees who (1) had been continuously enrolled in Medicaid for at least one calendar year during 2015-2019, and (2) were 15 years old or older as of January 1 of one year following the last year of continuous enrollment. Exclusion Criteria: * Medicaid enrollees whose data were in the format of Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) in 2015 * Medicaid enrollees whose residence zip code is missing or in Puerto Rico or Virgin Islands * Medicaid enrollees whose residence zip code does not correspond to any ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) in the American Community Survey 5-year data
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Perelman SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States