App that reads your mood and fights cravings put to the test

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: Phase 1: Formative interviews. The enrollment ceiling is 35 outpatients (to collect evaluable data from 30) who meet these criteria: (1) Age 18-75; (2) physical dependence on opioids (by self-report); (3) interest in receiving the types of treatment about which we will be conducting interviews. Phase 2: Clinical trial with microrandomization. The enrollment ceiling is 150 outpatients (to collect evaluable data from 85, of whom 50 will be randomized to JITAI, and 35 to EMA control). Treatment may be provided by us in the form of office-based buprenorphine treatment (OBOT) or may be provided elsewhere (Treatment Elsewhere, TE). Participants must meet these criteria: OBOT participants: (1) Age 18-75; (2) physical dependence on opioids (by positive urine and/or frank opioid withdrawal); (3) interest in receiving the types of treatment we are testing. Treatment Elsewhere (TE) participants: (1) Age 18-75; (2) receiving methadone or buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence from a qualified provider in the community; (3) interest in receiving the types of treatment we are testing. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Phase 1: Formative interviews. (1) cognitive impairment severe enough to preclude informed consent or valid interview responses. Phase 2: Clinical trial with microrandomization. OBOT participants: * (1) History of any DSM-V psychotic disorder; history of bipolar disorder; current Major Depressive Disorder; * (2) unresolved symptoms of PTSD that, in the investigators view, would make it risky for the participant to undertake mindfulness exercises (e.g., observing all one's current negative thoughts and emotions) in an unsupervised setting; * (3) current dependence on alcohol or sedative-hypnotic, e.g. benzodiazepine (by DSM-V criteria); * (4) cognitive impairment severe enough to preclude informed consent or valid self-report; * (5) Any condition that interferes with urine collection; * (6) medical illness (e.g., cirrhosis, nephritic syndrome, thyroid disease, ischemic heart disease, epilepsy, adrenal insufficiency, etc.) or medications that, in the view of the investigators, would compromise participation in research.