Second chance: stem cell transplant trial aims to rescue failing sickle cell treatments

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria- recipient 1. Patient with history of SCD or beta thalassemia who previously underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) 2. Patient with recurrent SCD defined as HbS greater than or equal to 50% for donors with sickle cell trait and greater than or equal to 10% for donors with HbAA with recurrent clinical manifestations (for example but not limited to recurrent painful crises, acute chest syndrome, priapism, or severe anemia) or patients with recurrent beta thalassemia defined as clinical manifestations such as transfusion-dependence or evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis. The HbS requirement may be waived by the PI or designee for reasons such as the patient is requiring chronic transfusion therapy or otherwise meets clinical criteria for return of SCD. 3. Persistent donor chimerism levels 4. Age greater than or equal to 4 years 5. Negative beta-HCG 6. Ejection fraction greater than or equal to 35% 7. DLCO greater than or equal to 35% (Note: This criterion may be omitted in young children (e.g. near the age of 5 years old) or other individuals who may have difficulty understanding or complying with the instructions for accurate testing.) Inclusion- donor Related donor from original transplant, deemed suitable and eligible, and willing to donate, per clinical evaluations who are additionally willing to donate blood for research. Related donors will be evaluated in accordance with existing Standard NIH Policies and Procedures for determination of eligibility and suitability for clinical donation. Age \>= 2 years \<80 years old EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Exclusion criteria- recipient 1. ECOG performance status of 3 or more or if \<16 years of age Lansky score of 50 or lower. 2. Evidence of uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections (currently taking medication and progression of clinical symptoms) within one month prior to signing the consent 3. Patients with fever or suspected minor infection should await resolution of symptoms before signing the consent 4. Major anticipated illness or organ failure incompatible with survival from PBSC transplant 5. Pregnant or breastfeeding 6. History of secondary malignancies (other than localized skin cancer) 7. Donor-specific HLA antibodies with mean fluorescent intensity \>= 2,000 Exclusion- donor None