Jumping knee injury study reveals hidden movement differences

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion criteria for the PT group were as follows: * Age 18-40 years and regular participation in sports, defined as engaging in physical activities for at least 90 minutes per week over the past three months, such as basketball, soccer, tennis, volleyball, long-distance running, and other sports activities, * Structural tendon changes on imaging, including tendon thickening, hypoechogenicity, and/or increased neovascularization on Doppler ultrasound, or increased signal intensity on T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequences relative to normal tendon tissue, with observable localized edema, inflammation, or degenerative changes, * positive tenderness response upon palpation of the patellar tendon, * reproduction of patellar tendon pain during resisted knee extension and/or during a standardized single-leg squat test, * a score of ≤ 80 on the VISA-P (Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella) questionnaire. Inclusion criteria for the control group were as follows: * Participants were reported regular participation in sports, defined as engaging in physical activities for at least 90 minutes per week over the past three months, such as basketball, soccer, tennis, volleyball, long-distance running, and other sports activities, * no history of knee injury, * no history of lower-limb surgery, * normal range of motion of the lower-limb joints (hip, knee, and ankle joints with no limitations in active or passive movements, within the normal physiological range), * no history of chronic joint disorders, including current or pre-existing knee pain, PT, or functional impairment * no evidence of patellar tendon pathology on ultrasound or MRI. Exclusion criteria for both groups were as follows: * a history of trauma to other lower limb joints, * a history of surgery on any lower limb joint, * use of analgesic medication in the past two weeks, * the presence of other lower limb pathologies.