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Gene test could help smokers quit by matching them to the right drug

NCT ID NCT03227679

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Vanderbilt University Medical Center Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study tested whether a genetic biomarker called the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) can help doctors choose the best FDA-approved smoking cessation medication for each person. 82 daily smokers were assigned to varenicline, bupropion, or nicotine patches based on their NMR result. The goal was to see if this personalized approach is feasible and acceptable to patients.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) testing, varenicline, bupropion, nicotine patch
What this could lead to
If successful, this approach could help doctors personalize smoking cessation treatments, making them more effective for each individual.
What could go wrong
This is a small pilot study with only 82 participants, so results may not apply to everyone. It tested feasibility, not long-term quit rates.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

82 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

May 2016

Finished

Apr 2017

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years or older * Smokes ≥ 5 cigarettes per day * Willing to give up all forms of tobacco (5/10/2016 - 6/27/2016) * Medically cleared (i.e., no contraindications in Section 3) to receive at least 2 FDA- approved smoking cessation medications * Willing to use the medications for which medically cleared (individually, not in combination; only applicable if Medically Cleared = Yes) Exclusion Criteria: * Current diagnosis of schizophrenia, psychosis, active suicidal ideation, dementia, or severe mental retardation * Receiving palliative or hospice care * Currently pregnant or breastfeeding * Hospitalized for a psychiatric condition in the past year (5/10/2016 - 6/27/2016) * Hospitalized for a psychiatric condition in the past 3 months or change in psychiatric medications in last 3 months (6/28/2016 forward) * Telephone problems that would preclude participation (e.g., can't receive calls reliably) * Not able to read and speak English * Abstinent from cigarettes for \>3 days (b/c NMR not reliable after 72 hours) * Used smoking cessation medications in the last 7 days (5/10/2016 - 6/27/2016)

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

nicotine dependence Smoking Cessation Tobacco Use Tobacco Use Cessation

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Tobacco use Tobacco use cessation

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.