Stem cell exosomes plus laser shows promise for stubborn melasma

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged 18 to 60 years with good overall health. 2. Diagnosed with melasma according to clinical diagnostic criteria and efficacy standards (revised edition), with facial skin lesions. 3. Fully understands and comprehends the content and significance of the study, implementation plan, potential benefits, risks, mitigation measures, participant rights and obligations (including privacy protection and voluntary withdrawal), and willingly signs the informed consent form to participate in the clinical study, and can cooperate well. 4. Exclusion of inflammatory post-pigmentary disorders, malar melasma, Riehl's melanosis, pigmentary lichenoid dermatosis, and other skin diseases. 5. Agrees not to use other cosmetic treatments related to the study during the research period. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients who refuse to sign the informed consent form to participate in the trial. 2. History of significant organ diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immune dysfunction. 3. Abnormal coagulation function, current use of anticoagulants, tendency for thrombosis, or family history of genetic diseases. 4. Pregnant or lactating women. 5. Patients who have taken oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy during the study period or in the past 12 months. 6. Patients with a keloid-prone constitution. 7. Locally damaged or actively affected by other skin diseases. 8. History of severe multiple allergies, genetic allergies, photosensitivity or history of photosensitive drugs such as sulfonamides and tetracyclines, allergy to local anesthetics, lidocaine components, or planned desensitization therapy during the study. 9. History of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. 10. Previously treated for melasma. 11. Previous chemical peels, abrasion procedures, or other resurfacing treatments on the face. 12. Chronic skin diseases, especially infectious, allergic, and inflammatory systemic skin diseases such as widespread eczema, pemphigus, pemphigoid, etc. 13. Patients currently participating in other clinical studies. 14. Other reasons deemed unsuitable for the clinical study by the investigator.