High-dose lung radiation: a quicker path to tumor control?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Histological confirmation of malignancy, unless the risks of biopsy are unacceptable and the lesion has grown on serial CT scan and/or is PET positive. * Eligible patients must have staging studies (e.g. chest radiograph, CT scan, MRI/CT Brain/Bone Scan) identifying them as: * patients with stage I or II, non-metastatic NSCLC (T1, N0, M0; T2, N0, M0; or T3, N0, M0 chest wall primary tumors only) * patients with a non-lung primary that is controlled and which has metastasized to the lungs alone, in whom potentially curative surgery would otherwise be an option (e.g. colorectal, breast, sarcoma…etc) * the subset of patients with limited (low) volume metastatic NSCLC or other primary site tumors whom it is felt may derive benefit from highdose SBRT treatment to the primary or metastatic lung tumor. And in whom other sites of metastatic disease are being treated with the desire to achieve long term control. Lesions must meet size criteria in 4.1.2.1 * Patients who have potentially resectable disease should be considered medically inoperable, or else in the judgement of the thoracic surgeon and lung team, surgery is not considered the preferred management option * Early stage lung cancer: ≤3 parenchymal lung lesions, Metastatic disease to lungs: ≤5 parenchymal lung lesions * Patients with early stage primary NSCLC should have hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes that are considered N0 on clinico-radiological grounds (i.e. no clinico-radiological evidence of lymph node spread) * In patients with early stage primary NSCLC and a co-existing malignancy, the co-existing malignancy must have an expected prognosis better than primary lung lesion * Adequate lung function to tolerate the planned stereotactic radiation * Previous conventional RT to mediastinum/lung allowed as long as SBRT is not expected to have a high probability of impairing lung function * Must be ≥ 18 years of age * Zubrod performance status must be between 0 and 3 * Women of child bearing potential and male participants must use an effective contraceptive method * Willing and able to give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with active systemic, pulmonary or pericardial infection * No concurrent systemic therapy (chemotherapy, immunotherapy or biological therapy), apart from hormone therapy, is allowed * History of active auto-immune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematous, rheumatoid arthritis, C.R.E.S.T., systemic sclerosis,scleroderma * Potential candidate for concurrent chemo-radiation therapy * Patient enrollment on other studies may be permissible. This will depend on patient and study characteristics.