Could a simple pill replace IV drips for blood infections?
NCT ID NCT05199324
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Aug 11, 2026 · Updated 2 times
Summary
This study tests whether stable patients with a common blood infection (gram-negative bacteraemia) can safely switch from IV antibiotics to oral pills within 72 hours. Researchers will compare early oral therapy to continued IV treatment in 720 adults. The main goal is to see if survival rates at 30 days are similar between the two groups.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Oral fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) or oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this could show that switching to oral antibiotics early is as safe and effective as staying on IV therapy, potentially reducing hospital stays and treatment costs.
- What could go wrong
- This is a single-center trial, and results may not apply to all patients. The oral antibiotics may not work as well in sicker patients or those with hidden infection sources.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 4
Runs after approval, following long-term safety and how well the treatment works in everyday use.
- Participants
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720 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Jun 2022
- Finished
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Jul 2026
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: 1. One or more set(s) of blood cultures positive for Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) associated with evidence of infection 2. Able to be randomised within 72 hours of index blood culture collection 3. Age ≥18 years (≥21 in Singapore) 4. Latest Pitt bacteraemia score \<4 5. Patient or legal representative is able to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. Established uncontrolled focus of infection, including but not limited to: * Undrained abdominal abscess, deep seated intra-abdominal infection and other unresolved abdominal sources requiring surgical intervention * Central nervous system abscess (patients with focal neurology should have cranial CT prior to enrolment) * Undrained moderate-to-severe hydronephrosis 2. Complicated infections, including but not limited to: * Necrotising fasciitis * Empyema * Central nervous system infections and meningitis * Endocarditis / endovascular infections 3. Septic shock as defined by systolic blood pressure \<90 or mean arterial pressure \<70 mmHg despite adequate fluid resuscitation or need for inotropic/vasopressor support 4. Polymicrobial bacteraemia involving Gram-positive pathogens or anaerobes (defined as either growth of 2 or more different microorganism species in the same blood culture, or growth of different species in 2 or more separate blood cultures within the same episode \[\<48 hours\] and with clinical or microbiological evidence of the same source) 5. Bacteraemia is due to a vascular catheter or intravascular materials (e.g. pacing wire, vascular graft) that cannot be removed 6. Specific Gram-negative pathogens that cannot be effectively treated with fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, including but not limited to, Burkholderia spp. and Brucella spp. 7. Index GNB with resistance to fluoroquinolones AND trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 8. Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones AND sulphur drugs as defined by history of rash, urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, circulatory collapse or significant adverse reaction following prior administration 9. Unable to consume or absorb oral medications for any reason or unsuitable for ongoing IV therapy (e.g. no intravenous access) 10. Severely immunocompromised in the opinion of the treating doctor, including but not limited to, medical conditions such as: * Active leukaemia or lymphoma * Aplastic anaemia * Bone marrow transplant within two years of transplantation or transplants of longer duration still on immunosuppressive drugs or with graft-versus-host disease * Congenital immunodeficiency * HIV/AIDS with CD4 lymphocyte count \<200 * Neutropenia or expected post-chemotherapy neutropenia within 14 days from the time of screening, defined as absolute neutrophil count \< 500 cells/μL 11. Women who are known to be pregnant or breast-feeding 12. Treatment is not with intent to cure the infection (i.e. palliative care) 13. Unable to collect patient's follow-up data for at least 30 days post-randomisation for any reason 14. Treating doctor deems enrolment into the trial is not in the best interest of the patient 15. Previous enrolment in this trial
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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American University of Beirut Medical Center
Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Changi General Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 529889, Singapore
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Gold Coast University Hospital
Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
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Hospital Ampang
Ampang, 68000, Malaysia
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Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
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Hospital del Mar
Barcelona, 08003, Spain
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IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola
Bologna, 40138, Italy
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IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele
Milan, 20132, Italy
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Medipol Mega University Hospital
Istanbul, 34214, Turkey (Türkiye)
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National University Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
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Ng Teng Fong General Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 609606, Singapore
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Princess Alexandra Hospital
Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4102, Australia
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Rambam Hospital
Haifa, 3109601, Israel
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Royal Melbourne Hospital
Melbourne, Victoria, 3050, Australia
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Samsung Medical Center
Soeul, 06351, South Korea
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Sengkang General Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 544886, Singapore
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Seoul National University Bandang Hospital
Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
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Sheba Medical Center
Ramat Gan, 5262000, Israel
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Singapore General Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
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Sungai Buloh Hospital
Sungai Buloh, 47000, Malaysia
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Taichung Veterans General Hospital
Taichung, Xitun District, 407219, Taiwan
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Tan Tock Seng Hospital
Singapore, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
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Universiti Malaya Medical Centre
Kuala Lumpur, 59100, Malaysia
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University General Hospital of Patras
Pátrai, 26504, Greece
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University Hospital of Pisa
Pisa, 56124, Italy