One shot, two benefits: HIV treatment and contraception combined?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria (PK study): * Female sex, * HIV-positive (for PK groups #1-4) or HIV-uninfected (for PK group #5 only), * Age 15-24 years at the time of enrollment, * Documented or confirmed viral suppression for HIV (defined as \<40 copies/mL) within 6 months prior to study enrollment, * Have been on the study oral drug for at least 4 weeks for the PK groups #1-4, * Have initiated and intends to use DMPA or implant for at least another three or 6 months, respectively, * Willing to undergo phlebotomy every 4-12 weeks for the duration of the study period * Able to consent or assent (with parental consent) for study participation in English or Kiswahili Exclusion Criteria (PK study): * Already be on ART that concurrently contains combinations of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), such as efavirenz, and protease-inhibitors (PIs), such as atazanavir/ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir, or integrase inhibitors (INSTIs), such as raltegravir or dolutegravir * Currently pregnant or intends to become pregnant or breastfeeding within the next 12 or 24 weeks for DMPA or implant groups, respectively, * Have had unprotected sex in the last two weeks or be currently pregnant via urine pregnancy testing, * Use or anticipated use of drugs for the duration of the study period known to interact with hormonal implants or the study ART regimen, * Current or planned concomitant use of other hormonal contraceptives, * Be obese (BMI≥30), * Evidence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection based on the results of testing for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and HBV Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as follows: positive for HBsAg being excluded or negative for anti-HBs but positive for anti-HBc (negative HBsAg status) and positive for HBV DNA are excluded (of note, participants positive for anti-HBc (negative HBsAg status) and positive for anti-HBs (past and/or current evidence) are immune to HBV and are not excluded). * Serum ALT\>5x ULN at the time of screening, * Serum creatinine \>2.5x ULN at the time of screening. Inclusion Criteria Aim 1b (qualitative PK study): * Participating in PK study for study participants, * Self-identifying as provider, program person, policy-maker, or stakeholder relevant to the study topics, and age 18 years of age or older, * Able to consent for study participation in English or Kiswahili Inclusion Criteria (Hybrid trial): * Female sex, * HIV-positive, * Age 15-24 years at the time of enrollment, * Documented or confirmed viral suppression for HIV (defined as \<40 copies/mL) within 6 months prior to study enrollment, * Willing to undergo phlebotomy every 4-12 weeks for the duration of the study period, * Able to consent or assent (with parental consent) for study participation in English or Kiswahili Exclusion Criteria (Hybrid trial): * Already be on ART that concurrently contains combinations of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), such as efavirenz, and protease-inhibitors (PIs), such as atazanavir/ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir, or integrase inhibitors (INSTIs), such as raltegravir or dolutegravir * Currently pregnant or intends to become pregnant or breastfeeding within the next one year, * Have had unprotected sex in the last two weeks or be currently pregnant via urine pregnancy testing, * Use or anticipated use of drugs for the duration of the study period known to interact with the study ART regimen, * Evidence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection based on the results of testing for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and HBV Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as follows: positive for HBsAg being excluded or negative for anti-HBs but positive for anti-HBc (negative HBsAg status) and positive for HBV DNA are excluded (of note, participants positive for anti-HBc (negative HBsAg status) and positive for anti-HBs (past and/or current evidence) are immune to HBV and are not excluded). * Serum ALT\>5x ULN at the time of screening, * Serum creatinine \>2.5x ULN at the time of screening. Inclusion Criteria Aim 2b (qualitative study): * Participating in hybrid trial study for study participants, * Self-identifying as provider, program person, policy-maker, or stakeholder relevant to the study topics, and age 18 years of age or older, * Able to consent for study participation in English or Kiswahili