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Tailored TMS shows promise for Treatment-Resistant depression

NCT ID NCT06003309

Symptom relief Sponsor: University of California, San Diego Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study tested whether personalizing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) based on an individual's brain structure and activity could improve outcomes for people with treatment-resistant depression. 75 adults received 20 sessions over 4 weeks, comparing fully personalized TMS, partially personalized TMS, and standard TMS. The main goal was to measure changes in brain connectivity, with depression symptoms also tracked.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
What this could lead to
If successful, this could lead to more effective, personalized TMS treatments for people with depression that hasn't responded to standard therapy.
What could go wrong
This is a small, early-stage study focused on brain activity changes, not yet proven to improve symptoms. The personalized approach may not work better than standard TMS.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

75 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Aug 2023

Finished

Dec 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 80 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of major depressive episode (MDE, in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5), in the context of unipolar major depressive disorder disorder. * 18-80 years of age. * Male or female. * At least one failed antidepressant medication trial at level 3 in the Antidepressant Treatment History Form: Short Form (ATHF-SF) classification. * Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score of ≥ 20 (moderate-severe depression). * No increase or initiation of new antidepressant therapy in the four weeks prior to screening. * Demonstrated capacity to give informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Inability to provide informed consent. * Medically unstable patients. * Concomitant neurological disorder or a history of a seizure disorder. * Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding. * Any psychotic disorder or current active psychotic symptoms. * Patients who have intracranial implants, other medical device or condition deemed unsafe for TMS. * Contraindication to MRI scanning.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

major depressive disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Major depressive disorder

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Australian National University

    Canberra, 2601, Australia

  • University of California, San Diego

    La Jolla, California, 92093, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.