New drug combo offers hope for myelofibrosis patients who failed standard therapy

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Signed Informed Consent Form available and patient willing and able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements. 2. Patients\* ≥18 years of age 3. diagnosed with myelofibrosis (MF) according to the WHO 2008 or 2016 criteria, including primary (pre-fibrotic or overt) and secondary myelofibrosis. 4. Patients with an indication for therapy (either symptomatic patients with splenomegaly \>11cm diameter and/or symptoms restricting their daily activity or patients with DIPSS int-2, or high risk or MIPSS70 int or high) 5. Patients with no response or suboptimal response to any JAK-inhibitor therapy (regarding persistence of symptoms, splenomegaly, cytopenia or hyperproliferation) defined either by * Persisting Splenomegaly \>11cm total diameter * OR Persisting leukoerythroblastosis * OR Anemia \<6.2 mmol/l (\<10g/dl) * OR Elevated WBC (\>11 Gpt/l) * OR Persisting general or constitutional symptoms (persistence is defined as less than 50% reduction to baseline when using the MPN10 TSS Score) * OR failure \[secondary resistance\] to JAK-inhibitor treatment as defined by IWG-MRT criteria. 6. ECOG performance status \<3 at screening and adequate organ function 7. Reliable contraception should be maintained throughout the study and for 1 month after discontinuation of Fedratinib or 5 months after discontinuation of Nivolumab\*\* 8. Subject must be willing to receive transfusion of blood products 9. Thiamine levels not below lower limit of normal (prior substitution is possible) 10. Normal nutritional status, as judged by the physician 11. Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must undergo repetitive pregnancy testing (serum or urine) and pregnancy results must be negative. 12. Unless practicing complete abstinence from heterosexual intercourse, sexually active FCBP must agree to use adequate contraceptive methods (i.e. failure rate of \< 1% per year). 13. Males (including those who have had a vasectomy) must use barrier contraception (condoms) when engaging in sexual activity with FCBP. Males must agree not to donate semen or sperm. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Planned hematopoietic stem cell transplantation within 3 months and suitable donor available 2. \>10% blasts in bone marrow smear (cytology) or \>2x in blood smear within the screening phase or \>20% blasts at any time in bone marrow or peripheral blood smears 3. Creatinine \>2xULN and Creatinine-Clearance \<45ml/min; ALAT, ASAT \& bilirubin \>3xULN (if MF impact on liver \>5xULN) 4. Baseline platelets count below 50 x 10\^9/L and ANC \< 1.0 x 10\^9/L 5. Diagnosis of PV, ET (according to WHO 2016) or positive molecular test for BCR-ABL 6. Patients on ongoing medication for myelofibrosis including systemic corticosteroids (detailed list of permitted medications is provided in paragraph 9.1.10.4 and Appendix V). Use of steroids within 14 days prior to the first dose of study drug and until end of treatment is prohibited by patients. 7. Uncontrolled infection 8. Evidence of acute or chronic infection with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or tuberculosis 9. Current participation in any other interventional clinical study within 30 days before the first administration of the investigational product or at any time during the study, unless it is an observational (non-interventional) study, or during the follow-up period of an interventional study with last dose of investigational product ≥30 days prior first administration of investigational product within this study. 10. No consent for registration, storage and processing of the individual disease characteristics and course as well as information of the family physician about study participation 11. No consent for biobanking of patient's biological specimens 12. Prior therapy with checkpoint-inhibitors 13. Vaccination within 4 weeks prior to treatment start 14. Hypersensitivity to the IMPs or to any of the excipients 15. History of or uncontrolled autoimmune disease such as autoimmune-hepatitis, -pneumonitis, -thyroiditis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, or rheumatologic diseases (including but not limited to systemic lupus and vasculitis) 16. History of malignancy except for i) adequately treated local basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ii) asymptomatic prostate cancer without known metastatic disease and with no requirement for therapy or requiring only hormonal therapy and with normal prostate-specific antigen for ≥ 1 year prior to randomization, or iii) any other cancer that has been in complete remission for ≥ 5 years 17. Secondary malignancy that limits survival to less than 6 months. 18. Drug or alcohol abuse within the last 6 months 19. Patients who cannot adhere to the Pregnancy Prevention Plan 20. Pregnant or breast-feeding females 21. Thiamine levels below normal limit despite supplementation 22. Patients who are unable to consent because they do not understand the nature, significance and implications of the clinical trial and therefore cannot form a rational intention in the light of the facts \[§ 40 Abs. 1 S. 3 Nr. 3a AMG\]