Simple pill may keep bladder cancer at bay, new study hopes

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged 18 or greater; * Patients with histologically confirmed low grade non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma. Patients with any mix of low- and high-grade urothelial carcinoma remain eligible given the frequent histological heterogeneity and the presence of a low grade component; * Patients have not been recommended for a course of intravesical BCG or chemotherapy induction treatment by their urologist; * Male patients with partners of child-bearing potential must agree to 2 acceptable forms of birth control and be continued for at least 6 months after study drug is discontinued. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who are scheduled to receive BCG therapy or have received BCG therapy within the last 5 years will be ineligible for enrollment. * Patients who are scheduled to receive intravesical chemotherapy or have received an induction course of intravesical chemotherapy within the last 5 years will be ineligible for enrollment. Patients who received a single, post-operative (\<24h) intravesical chemotherapy (e.g. gemcitabine, epirubicin or mitomycin C) dose are eligible. * Patients with clinical hypogonadism, those on androgen replacement therapy, or those with prostate cancer or other diseases treated with various forms of hormonal therapy will be ineligible for study enrollment. * Patients receiving 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors within the last 2 years are ineligible for enrollment. * Patients with a history of allergy or severe adverse reaction to finasteride or dutasteride are ineligible for enrollment. * Patients with a history of liver disease whose hepatic enzymes, alkaline phosphatase or bilirubin are greater than twice the upper limit of normal will be ineligible. Nonetheless, patients with Gilbert's disease may be accepted in the study. * Patients with multiple hospital admissions for heart failure within the previous 12 months or who have unstable cardiovascular status will be ineligible for enrolment. * Female patients with child-bearing potential are ineligible for enrollment, which is defined as any female under 50 years of age. Exceptions to this age limit may be permitted on a case-by-case basis by the Principal Investigator, based on documented confirmation that there is no child-bearing potential (such as a female without a uterus). * Patients receiving chronic treatment with potent CYP3A4 inhibitors, including but not limited to ritonavir, ketoconazole, verapamil, diltiazem, cimetidine, troleandomycine, or ciprofloxacin, are ineligible for participation in the study. Occasional use of CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ciprofloxacin for an infection is not prohibited.