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Massive diabetes study tracks thousands over decades to uncover disease secrets

NCT ID NCT00339482

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Aug 28, 2026 · Updated 7 times

Summary

This long-running study follows over 12,000 people from the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona to understand why type 2 diabetes develops and how it leads to complications. Participants receive regular check-ups every two years, including blood tests and physical exams. The goal is to learn about the causes and natural history of diabetes, not to test a new treatment.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this research could reveal key factors that cause or worsen type 2 diabetes, helping to develop better prevention and treatment strategies.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial, so it won't directly provide a cure or new therapy. Results may not apply to other populations.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

12,647 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Sep 1976

Lead sponsor

A government research agency

The lead sponsor is the US National Institutes of Health.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

Persons aged 5 years and over residing in districts 1-5 of the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona.

Ages

5 to 99 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: The study population is all persons aged 5 years and over residing on the Gila River Indian Reservation in Arizona. The vast majority of the eligible subjects are American Indians and there are similar numbers of males and females in the population. The study population was chosen because our previous work has shown that this population has the highest prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in the world. There are small numbers of other racial groups in the selected population who are also eligible to participate in the study. They are mainly members of the families in the community and therefore by participating they can contribute valuable research information to the study. All persons resident in the community aged 5 years and over are invited to participate in the study at two-yearly intervals. In addition, other tribal members and selected family members such as first or second degree relatives of the study population who reside, or have moved off the Reservation, are also eligible to participate.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

cardiovascular disorder diabetes mellitus kidney disorder type 2 diabetes mellitus

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Diabetes mellitus type 2

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • NIDDK, Phoenix

    Phoenix, Arizona, 85014, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.