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Oxford COVID-19 vaccine shows promise in early trial

NCT ID NCT04324606

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 26, 2026

Summary

This study tested a new COVID-19 vaccine called ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in over 1,000 healthy adults aged 18-55 in the UK. The goal was to see if the vaccine is safe, triggers an immune response, and can prevent COVID-19. Participants received either the vaccine or a comparison shot, and some got a booster dose.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine
What this could lead to
If successful, this vaccine could help protect people from COVID-19 and reduce the spread of the virus.
What could go wrong
This is an early-phase trial with a limited number of healthy adults, so results may not apply to everyone. The vaccine may cause side effects or prove less effective in larger, more diverse populations.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 1/2

Runs two stages together: safety and dose first, then whether the treatment works.

Participants

1,077 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Apr 2020

Finished

Feb 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 55 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria The volunteer must satisfy all the following criteria to be eligible for the study: * Healthy adults aged 18-55 years. * Able and willing (in the Investigator's opinion) to comply with all study requirements (participants must not rely on public transport or taxis). * Willing to allow the investigators to discuss the volunteer's medical history with their General Practitioner and access all medical records when relevant to study procedures. * For females only, willingness to practice continuous effective contraception (see below) during the study and a negative pregnancy test on the day(s) of screening and vaccination. * Agreement to refrain from blood donation during the course of the study. * Provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria The volunteer may not enter the study if any of the following apply: * Planned receipt of any vaccine other than the study intervention within 30 days before and after each study vaccination .with the exception of the licensed seasonal influenza vaccination and the licensed pneumococcal vaccine. Participants will be encouraged to receive this vaccination at least 7 days before or after their study vaccine. * Prior receipt of an investigational or licensed vaccine likely to impact on interpretation of the trial data (e.g. Adenovirus vectored vaccines, any coronavirus vaccines). * Administration of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products within the three months preceding the planned administration of the vaccine candidate. * Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient state, including HIV infection; asplenia; recurrent severe infections and use of immunosuppressant medication within the past 6 months, except topical steroids or short-term oral steroids (course lasting \<14 days) . * Any autoimmune conditions, except mild psoriasis, well-controlled autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo or stable coeliac disease not requiring immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy. * History of allergic disease or reactions likely to be exacerbated by any component of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or MenACWY vaccines. * Any history of angioedema . * Any history of anaphylaxis . * Pregnancy, lactation or willingness/intention to become pregnant during the study. * History of cancer (except basal cell carcinoma of the skin and cervical carcinoma in situ). * History of serious psychiatric condition likely to affect participation in the study (e.g. ongoing severe depression, history of admission to an in-patient psychiatric facility, recent suicidal ideation, history of suicide attempt, bipolar disorder, personality disorder, alcohol and drug dependency, severe eating disorder, psychosis, use of mood stabilisers or antipsychotic medication). * Bleeding disorder (e.g. factor deficiency, coagulopathy or platelet disorder), or prior history of significant bleeding or bruising following IM injections or venepuncture. * Any other serious chronic illness requiring hospital specialist supervision. * Chronic respiratory diseases, including mild asthma (resolved childhood asthma is allowed) * Chronic cardiovascular disease (including hypertension), gastrointestinal disease, liver disease (except Gilberts Syndrome), renal disease, endocrine disorder (including diabetes) and neurological illness (excluding migraine) * Seriously overweight (BMI≥40 Kg/m2) or underweight (BMI≤18 Kg/m2) * Suspected or known current alcohol abuse as defined by an alcohol intake of greater than 42 units every week. * Suspected or known injecting drug abuse in the 5 years preceding enrolment. * Any clinically significant abnormal finding on screening biochemistry, haematology blood tests or urinalysis. * Any other significant disease, disorder or finding which may significantly increase the risk to the volunteer because of participation in the study, affect the ability of the volunteer to participate in the study or impair interpretation of the study data. * History of laboratory confirmed COVID-19. * New onset of fever or a cough or shortness of breath or anosmia/ageusia since February 2020. Should a reliable test become available, this exclusion criteria will be replaced with seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 before enrolment. * Those who have been at high risk of exposure before enrolment, including but not limited to: close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases, anyone who had to self-isolate as a result of a symptomatic household member, frontline healthcare professionals working in A\&E, ICU and other higher risk areas. Should a reliable test become available, this exclusion criteria will be replaced with seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 before enrolment. * Living in the same household as any vulnerable groups at risk of severe COVID-19 disease (as per Public Health England guidance) Additional exclusion criteria (subset of participants receiving Paracetamol in group 4 only) • History of allergic disease or reactions likely to be exacerbated by Paracetamol Re-vaccination exclusion criteria: The following AEs associated with any vaccine, or identified on or before the day of vaccination constitute absolute contraindications to further administration of an IMP to the volunteer in question. If any of these events occur during the study, the subject will not be eligible to receive a booster dose and will be followed up by the clinical team or their GP until resolution or stabilisation of the event: * Anaphylactic reaction following administration of vaccine * Pregnancy. An exception to this will be prior to receipt of a booster dose at extra visit B. If a pregnant woman has discussed vaccination with their usual clinician (e.g. GP) and chooses to receive a COVID-19 vaccination, this may be administered by the trial team as part of extra visit B or as part of the provision of treatment to controls * Any AE that in the opinion of the Investigator may affect the safety of the participant or the interpretation of the study results

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • CCVTM, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital

    Oxford, OX3 7LE, United Kingdom

  • Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

    London, W2 1NY, United Kingdom

  • John Radcliffe Hospital

    Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom

  • St Georges University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

    London, SW17 0QT, United Kingdom

  • University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust

    Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom

  • University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust

    Bristol, BS1 3NU, United Kingdom

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.