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CO2 brain fog mystery: scientists probe immune link

NCT ID NCT05292378

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study looked at how breathing carbon dioxide might affect thinking skills. Researchers measured immune cell activity in blood samples from 27 healthy adults after CO2 exposure. The goal was to better understand the biological reasons behind CO2-related cognitive impairment.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

27 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Jul 2022

Finished

Mar 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 30 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * History of COVID-19 vaccination * Weigh at least 110 pounds Exclusion Criteria: * Colorblindness * Inability to hear verbal instructions * Cardiovascular disease, including a history of stroke * Diabetes requiring the use of insulin * Pregnancy * Current asthma (an asthma attack within the past five years) * Medications for or history of anxiety disorder diagnosis or panic attacks * Medications which may affect cognition such as beta-blockers and CNS depressants Temporary Exclusion Criteria * Respiratory symptoms in the previous four weeks * Use of sedating cold/allergy medications in the previous week * Use of marijuana in the previous week * Consumption of alcohol in the previous 24 hours Additional Exclusion Criteria for Subjects undergoing the fMRI scan: * History of head trauma or neurosurgery or neurological disorder * Ferrous metal implanted in or on the body, electrical devices such as a pacemaker, nonremovable ferrous jewelry * Surgical pins or plates above the neck * History of eye injury involving metallic materials, shavings in eyes, or welding without a face mask * Lead or iron tatoos * Claustrophobia * Back problems that would prevent the subject from laying still comfortably for up to 90 minutes Additional Exclusion Criteria for Subjects undergoing CAIM * Current or recent contact lens use

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Cognitive Dysfunction

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Healthy

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Rutgers - EOHSI

    Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.