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Which antibiotic wins the battle against chlamydia in teens?

NCT ID NCT00980148

Disease control Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Aug 05, 2026 · Last updated Aug 06, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This trial tests two approved antibiotics—azithromycin (a single dose) and doxycycline (twice daily for a week)—to see which is more effective at curing genital chlamydia in young people aged 12-21 living in youth correctional facilities. Participants provide urine samples over about two months to check if the infection clears. The goal is to find the best treatment to prevent reinfection and serious health issues.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
azithromycin and doxycycline
What this could lead to
If one treatment proves more effective, it could become the preferred option for curing chlamydia and preventing serious health problems in young people.
What could go wrong
This is a Phase 3 trial, but results may not apply to all populations. Some people may still get reinfected, and side effects are possible.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 3

Large-scale testing in a bigger group. Usually the last step before a treatment can be approved.

Participants

567 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Dec 2009

Finished

May 2014

Lead sponsor

A government research agency

The lead sponsor is the US National Institutes of Health.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

12 to 21 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Males and females between the ages of 12 and 21 years * Residing in a long-term gender-segregated (no co-ed) youth correctional facility (YCF) * Diagnosed with genital chlamydia as determined by a screening C. trachomatis nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) * Anticipated length of stay at the YCF at the time of enrollment is \> 3 weeks * Willingness to provide written consent * Willingness to comply with study procedures Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with gonorrhea as determined by a screening Neisseria gonorrhoeae nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) * Clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or epididymitis based on review of medical records * Known allergy to tetracyclines or macrolides * Currently pregnant or breastfeeding * History of photosensitivity related to doxycycline use * Having received antimicrobial therapy with activity against C. trachomatis within 21 days of the positive chlamydia screening NAAT or in the interval between the positive screening NAAT and study enrollment * Any concomitant infection, which requires antimicrobial therapy with activity against C. trachomatis * Previously enrolled in this study * Unable to swallow pills * Other exclusion criteria, per clinician judgment, that prohibits subject from enrolling in study * Of note, current use of oral contraceptive agents (OCPs) is not an exclusion criterion

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

chlamydia infectious disease chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Chlamydial infection

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Los Angeles County Department of Public Health - Sexually Transmitted Disease Program

    Los Angeles, California, 90007-2608, United States

  • University of Alabama Hospital - Infectious Diseases

    Birmingham, Alabama, 35249-0001, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.