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Brain blood flow differs between sexes – new study explores why

NCT ID NCT04265053

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: University of Wisconsin, Madison Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This completed early-phase study looked at how sex and stress influence blood flow in the brain. Researchers gave 42 healthy young adults indomethacin (an anti-inflammatory drug) or a placebo to test whether a specific mechanism (COX signaling) explains differences between men and women. The goal is to gather knowledge that could lead to better, sex-specific treatments for brain blood vessel diseases.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Indomethacin
What this could lead to
If successful, this could point toward sex-specific therapies for cerebrovascular diseases like stroke.
What could go wrong
This is a very early, small study in healthy young adults, so findings may not apply to older or sick populations. The drug used (indomethacin) is not being tested as a treatment here.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Early phase 1

The earliest testing in people: a first look at safety, in a very small group.

Participants

42 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Apr 2021

Finished

May 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 40 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * All participants will be healthy adults between 18-40 years old, matched for age and aerobic fitness * Participants will be non-hypertensive (\<125/80mm Hg) * Participants will be non-obese (BMI 19-25 kg/m2) * Participants will have normal blood glucose (\<100 g/dl) * Participants will have normal lipids (LDL cholesterol \<130 mg/dl, triglycerides \<150 mg/dl) * Women must have a natural regular menstrual cycle Exclusion Criteria: * Participants with a history of: * peripheral vascular disease * hepatic disease * renal disease * hematologic disease * stroke * obesity * prediabetes * diabetes * sleep apnea * Participants with current BP\>130/85 mmHg * Regular smokers * Taking cardiovascular medications * Women who take hormonal birth control * Women who are pregnant or have polycystic ovarian syndrome \[Hormonal birth control will not be allowed in women\] * Contradictions to MRI * Lactose intolerance

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

cerebral arterial disease

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Cerebral arterial diseases

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • University of Wisconsin, Madison

    Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, United States