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Triple-Drug cocktail shows promise in early prostate cancer trial

NCT ID NCT04477512

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This early-phase trial tested a combination of three drugs—cabozantinib, abiraterone, and nivolumab—in 18 men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer that had not yet been treated. The main goal was to find a safe dose and check for serious side effects. Researchers also looked at whether the treatment could lower PSA levels and shrink tumors.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Cabozantinib, abiraterone acetate, nivolumab, and prednisone
What this could lead to
If this combination proves safe and effective, it could offer a new treatment option for men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
What could go wrong
This is a very early (phase 1) trial with only 18 participants, so results may not apply to everyone. The drug combination also carries risks of serious side effects like immune-related reactions.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 1

The first testing in people. Mainly checks safety and dose, usually in a small group.

Participants

18 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Feb 2021

Finished

Sep 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Male participants only

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Histologically or cytologically confirmed hormone-sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma. * Must have evidence of metastatic disease on CT or MRI of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, or technetium bone scan. May have any type or location of metastases (bone, lymph node, visceral). May have relapsed metastatic disease after initial primary therapy or de novo metastatic disease. Metastatic disease does not have to be confirmed by biopsy. * May have been on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer for ≤ 12 weeks prior to study enrollment (GnRHR agonist such as leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, buserelin, histrelin; GnRHR antagonists such as degarelix, or relugolix). Prior ADT for localized prostate cancer is allowed. * Prior palliative radiation therapy for bone metastasis (must be complete ≥14 days prior to enrollment) or any other radiation therapy (must be complete ≥28 days prior to enrollment) is allowed. Prior definitive radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer is allowed. * If the patient has undergone bilateral orchiectomy, it must have occurred no more than 12 weeks before study enrollment. * Recovery to baseline or ≤ grade 1 from toxicities related to any prior treatments, unless AEs are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapy. * At least 18 years of age. * ECOG performance status ≤ 1 * Normal bone marrow and organ function as defined below: * Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500 K/cumm without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support * White blood cell count ≥ 2,500 K/cumm * Platelets ≥ 100,000 K/cumm without transfusion * Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/DL * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x IULN (for subjects with Gilbert's disease ≤ 3.0 x IULN) * AST(SGOT), ALT(SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 3.0 x IULN; ALP ≤ 5.0 x IULN with documented bone metastases * Serum creatinine ≤ 2.0 x IULN or calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min by Cockcroft-Gault * Serum albumin ≥ 2.8 g/dL * Urine protein/creatinine ration (UPCR) ≤ 1 mg/mg (≤ 113.2 mg/mmol)), or 24h urine protein ≤1g * PT/INR or PTT \< 1.3 x IULN * Castrate testosterone levels with serum testosterone ≤ 50 ng/mL at time of study drug start, with ongoing ADT throughout the study unless prior bilateral orchiectomy. * Corrected QT interval calculated by the Fridericia formula (QTcF) ≤ 500 ms (by ECG) * Ability to understand and willingness to sign an IRB approved written informed consent document (or that of the legally authorized representative, if applicable). * Sexually active fertile subjects and their partners must agree to use medically accepted methods of contraception (e.g., barrier methods, including male condom, female condom, or diaphragm with spermicidal gel) during the course of the study and for 4 months after the last dose of study treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * Any evidence of neuroendocrine/small cell prostate cancer, or castrate resistant prostate cancer, as defined by defined by disease progression despite androgen depletion therapy (ADT), either by continuous rise in serum PSA levels as measured over at least 2 consecutive values, or the clinical or radiographic progression of disease, as assessed by the investigator. * Prior exposure to second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors (e.g., enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide). * Prior exposure to CYP17 inhibitors (e.g. abiraterone) * No chronic concomitant treatment with strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inducers or inhibitors. If patients are on such agents and these can be safely discontinued, may not have received a strong CYP3A4 inducer/inhibitor within 5 half-lives. * Prior systemic chemotherapy for prostate cancer (either for localized or metastatic disease). Patients may have received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for \< 12 weeks prior to start of study drug; no other cytotoxic, biologic, or other systemic anticancer therapy (including investigational) within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment. * Prior treatment with checkpoint inhibitor or other immunotherapy (e.g., anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-CTLA4). * Prior treatment with cabozantinib. * Receipt of any type of small molecule kinase inhibitor (including investigational kinase inhibitor) within 2 weeks before first dose of study treatment. * Inability to swallow pills. * Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including inflammatory bowel disease \[e.g., colitis or Crohns disease\], diverticulitis \[with the exception of diverticulosis\], systemic lupus erythematosus, Sarcoidosis syndrome, or Wegener syndrome \[granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypophysitis, uveitis, etc.\]). The following are exceptions to this criterion: * Patients with vitiligo or alopecia * Patients with hypothyroidism (e.g., following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on hormone replacement * Any chronic skin condition that does not require systemic therapy * Patients without active disease in the last 5 years may be included but only after consultation with the study physician * Patients with celiac disease controlled by diet alone * Presence of a condition requiring systemic treatment with either corticosteroids (\> 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent) or other immunosuppressive medications within 14 calendar days of start of study treatment. Inhaled or topical steroids and adrenal replacement steroid doses \< 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease. * Any other active malignancy at time of first dose of study treatment or diagnosis of another malignancy within 3 years prior to first dose of study treatment that requires active treatment, except for locally curable cancers that have been apparently cured, such as basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the prostate, cervix, or breast. * Currently receiving any other investigational agents. * Concomitant anticoagulation with coumarin agents (e.g., warfarin), direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran), direct factor Xa inhibitor betrixaban, or platelet inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel). Allowed anticoagulants are the following: * Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardioprotection (per applicable local guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) * Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in subjects without known brain metastases who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least one week before the first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen or the tumor. * Patients with known brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy and/or surgery (including radiosurgery) and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment after radiotherapy or at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment after major surgery (e.g., removal or biopsy of brain metastasis). Subjects must have complete wound healing from major surgery or minor surgery before first dose of study treatment. Eligible subjects must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment at the time of first dose of study treatment. * A history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to cabozantinib, nivolumab, or abiraterone or other agents used in the study. * Uncontrolled, significant intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, the following conditions: * Cardiovascular disorders: * Congestive heart failure New York Heart Association Class 3 or 4, unstable angina pectoris, serious cardiac arrhythmias. * Uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure (BP) \> 140 mm Hg systolic or \> 90 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment. * Stroke (including transient ischemic attack \[TIA\]), myocardial infarction (MI), or other ischemic events, or thromboembolic event (e.g., deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) within six months before the first dose of study treatment. * Subjects with a diagnosis of incidental, subsegmental PE or DVT within six months are allowed if stable, asymptomatic, and treated with anticoagulation for at least 1 week before the first dose of study treatment. * Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including those associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation: * The subject has evidence of tumor invading the GI tract, active peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease), diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, acute obstruction of the pancreatic duct or common bile duct, or gastric outlet obstruction. * Abdominal fistula, GI perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess within six months before the first dose. Note: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before the first dose. * Clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis of \> 0.5 teaspoon (2.5 ml) of red blood, or other history of significant bleeding (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage) within 12 weeks before the first dose. * Cavitating pulmonary lesion(s) or known endotracheal or endobronchial disease manifestation. * Lesions invading or encasing any major blood vessels. * Other clinically significant disorders that would preclude safe study participation. * Serious non-healing wound/ulcer/bone fracture. * Uncompensated/symptomatic hypothyroidism. * Moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C). * Active hepatitis B or C; active HIV. Patients with well-controlled HIV or hepatitis B or C, or who have had curative treatment for hepatitis C, may be considered if they meet all other criteria and after discussion with the PI and drug manufacturers (BMS and Exelixis) using the following criteria for guidance: https://www.fda.gov/media/121319/download * History of organ allograft. * Major surgery (e.g., laparoscopic nephrectomy, GI surgery removal or biopsy of brain metastasis) within 2 weeks before the first dose of study treatment. Minor surgeries within 10 days before dose of study treatment (with the exception of the baseline biopsy, which must have occurred no less than 6 days prior to the first dose). Subjects must have complete wound healing from major surgery or minor surgery before first dose of study treatment. Patients with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgery are not eligible.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Washington University School of Medicine

    St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.