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AI vs. orthodontist: who reads X-Rays better?

NCT ID NCT07664488

Diagnosis Sponsor: University of Pavia Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 2 times

Summary

This study compares how well artificial intelligence (AI) software can analyze dental X-rays compared to a human expert. Researchers will use 100 digital X-rays and have both an orthodontist and three different AI programs measure key angles and distances in the jaw and teeth. The goal is to see if AI can be a reliable tool to help orthodontists diagnose and plan treatments more efficiently.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this could show that AI tools are reliable enough to assist orthodontists in diagnosing and planning treatments, potentially saving time and reducing human error.
What could go wrong
This is an early-stage comparison study with only 100 radiographs, and AI may not yet match the accuracy of an experienced orthodontist. Results may not apply to all patient groups or clinical settings.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

About 100 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Jun 2026

Expected to finish

Sep 2026

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

The study population consists of patients of any age and sex who underwent digital lateral cephalometric radiography as part of routine orthodontic diagnostic records at the Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Pavia. Radiographs meeting the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria will be retrospectively selected for analysis.

Ages

Children (under 18), adults (18 to 64) and older adults (65 and over)

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Availability of digital lateral cephalometric radiographs of adequate diagnostic quality * Radiographs acquired with patients in centric occlusion and proper head positioning using a cephalostat * Patients of any age and sex * Absence of congenital or acquired craniofacial anomalies * No previous orthodontic treatment * No previous orthognathic surgical treatment * Absence of agenesis of incisors or first molars * Absence of supernumerary teeth overlapping the region of interest Exclusion Criteria: * Radiographs presenting artifacts or inadequate visualization of anatomical structures * History of significant craniofacial trauma * Radiographs acquired without a cephalostat * Presence of severe skeletal asymmetries * Incomplete clinical or radiographic records * Radiographs unsuitable for manual or AI-based cephalometric landmark identification

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As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosis Cephalometric analysis Cephalometry

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry - Section of Dentistry - Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatrics - University of Pavia, Pavia, Lombardy 27100

    RECRUITING

    Pavia, Italy, 27100, Italy

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