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AI vs. doctors: who diagnoses better?

NCT ID NCT07374926

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Maastricht University Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study tested whether an AI tool (GPT-4o) helps doctors diagnose fictional patients. 249 physicians participated in a randomized trial. Researchers measured how accurate their diagnoses were with and without AI assistance.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
GPT-4o (a large language model AI)
What this could lead to
If it works, this could show that AI tools help doctors make more accurate diagnoses.
What could go wrong
This is a small, completed study using fictional cases, not real patients. Real-world results may differ, and AI may not always be reliable.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

249 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Aug 2024

Finished

Jan 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

Children (under 18), adults (18 to 64) and older adults (65 and over)

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Registered medical physicians * Training in internal or family medicine Exclusion Criteria: * Not currently practicing clinically

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

disease

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Diagnosis Vignette of fictional patients

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Aga Khan University Hospital

    Nairobi, Kenya

  • Maastricht University

    Maastricht, Netherlands

  • Universitas Indonesia

    Jakarta, Indonesia

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