Rectal cancer

This trial is testing whether giving chemotherapy before the standard combination of chemo and radiation for rectal cancer could allow some patients to have a minor surgical procedure instead of a major one. The study enrolls adults with stage T2-T3 rectal cancer. The goal is to …

This trial is testing whether a 'watchful waiting' approach after chemotherapy and radiation can safely avoid radical surgery in people with a certain type of rectal cancer. Participants receive chemotherapy (FOLFOX) followed by chemo-radiation, and those whose tumors completely …

This trial investigates whether giving a combination of bevacizumab (a drug that blocks blood vessel growth to tumors) and chemotherapy before surgery can eliminate all signs of cancer in people with stage II or III rectal cancer. Participants receive the treatment before their p…

This trial investigates whether combining two drugs, niraparib and dostarlimab, with a short course of radiation before surgery can help treat locally advanced rectal cancer. The study first finds a safe dose of niraparib, then checks how well the combination shrinks the tumor. P…

This early-phase trial tested a new approach: taking a patient's own white blood cells, genetically modifying them in the lab to recognize a specific cancer mutation (KRAS G12D), and infusing them back to attack tumors. The study enrolled only 5 adults with advanced gastrointesti…

This study tested a new type of temporary colostomy (a surgical opening in the belly) for people having rectal cancer surgery. The goal was to see if it could reduce bowel problems and kidney injury compared to the usual stoma. Only 16 patients were enrolled before the study was …

This study tested a new gel called Dehisgel in 20 adults who had colorectal surgery for rectal cancer. The goal was to see if the gel could safely prevent leaks where the bowel was reconnected. The study was stopped early, so results are limited.

This study compared two procedures for removing early-stage rectal cancer or precancerous growths: endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). Both are less invasive than traditional surgery. The goal was to see which one removes the tumor …

This study tested a precise type of proton radiation (IMPT) for people whose rectal cancer came back after prior radiation. The goal was to find the highest safe dose without causing severe side effects. The trial enrolled 15 adults and was terminated early.

This study tested whether a special ultrasound technique (D-CEUS) can predict how well rectal cancer responds to chemotherapy and radiation. The goal is to identify good responders who might avoid major surgery and instead have a less invasive procedure. Only 2 people took part, …

This study tested whether Alkagin paste could prevent skin damage in patients receiving radiation for anal, rectal, or gynecological cancers. Only 2 people enrolled before the trial was stopped early. Because of this, we cannot draw any reliable conclusions about the paste's effe…

This study looked at whether doing pelvic floor exercises with biofeedback before rectal cancer surgery could prevent a condition called Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS), which causes bowel control problems like leakage and urgency. The study planned to include 120 adults a…

This study tested a short course of targeted radiation (IMRT) given over one week before surgery for rectal cancer. The goal was to see if this approach could reduce side effects like bowel problems and improve quality of life compared to standard longer treatments. Only 2 people…

This study compared two types of radiation therapy given before surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer. The goal was to see if a newer technique called IMRT causes fewer bowel side effects than the standard 3-D conformal radiotherapy. The trial enrolled 94 patients but was te…

This study looked at whether the types of bacteria in a person's gut before treatment could predict how well their rectal tumor responds to chemotherapy and radiation. Researchers collected stool samples from 2 patients with stage II or III rectal cancer and compared their gut ba…