Stem cells put to the test against Sepsis's immune chaos

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient or authorized representative, informed and having given consent * Age ≥ 18 years * Patients admitted for sepsis defined by the association as: * Clinically or microbiologically documented infection * SOFA-2 score ≥ 2 * Or +2 points if pre-existing organ dysfunction * Complicated * ARDS (Berlin criteria (1)) * Acute respiratory failure * AND Bilateral pulmonary opacities (X-ray or CT scan) with no evidence of predominant hydrostatic edema * AND PaO₂/FiO₂ ≤ 300 mmHg under invasive or non-invasive ventilation with PEEP ≥ 5 cmH₂O * or septic shock (2) * Vasopressors required to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 65 mmHg * AND arterial lactate \> 2 mmol/L * AND despite adequate fluid resuscitation * Blood sample may be collected within 72 hours of admission to the intensive care unit Exclusion Criteria: * Individuals not enrolled in or not eligible for a social security program * Individuals subject to a legal protection order * Pregnant women, women in labor, or breastfeeding women * Known severe immunodeficiency prior to sepsis: * cytostatic chemotherapy within the previous 3 months, * previously known neutropenia \< 500/mm³ (within the past month) not attributed to sepsis, * active hematologic malignancy currently undergoing treatment, * allogeneic bone marrow transplant \< 1 year ago, * solid organ transplant receiving immunosuppressants * corticosteroid therapy ≥ 0.5 mg/kg/day of prednisone equivalent for \> 3 weeks, * anti-TNF or anti-IL-6 biologic therapy within the past 3 months, * HIV infection with a detectable viral load while not on treatment Secondary exclusion criteria : \- A diagnosis of sepsis was ruled out following a comprehensive medical evaluation and/or an alternative diagnosis was identified that explains the elevated SOFA-2 score