Custom DNA vaccine takes on deadly brain cancer

This early-phase study tests a personalized DNA vaccine combined with an immunotherapy drug (retifanlimab) in 27 people with a fast-growing type of brain cancer called unmethylated glioblastoma. The vaccine is custom-made to target unique markers on each person's tumor, aiming to train the immune system to attack cancer cells while limiting side effects. The main goals are to check safety and measure immune responses, with future studies planned to see if this approach can help control the disease.