Scientists train immune cells to hunt down mutated blood cancers

NCT ID NCT06904066

Recruiting now Disease control Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI) Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Aug 14, 2026 · Updated 34 times

Summary

This early-phase trial tests a personalized treatment for people with blood cancers like leukemia. Doctors take a patient's own T cells, modify them in the lab to recognize unique cancer mutations, and infuse them back after a short course of chemotherapy. The goal is to see if this approach is safe and feasible, and whether it can shrink tumors. The study is currently recruiting 86 participants aged 18 to 75.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance: personalized T cells (neoantigen-specific T cells) plus chemotherapy drugs (cyclophosphamide, fludarabine) and aldesleukin
What this could lead to: If successful, this could point toward a new personalized treatment for hard-to-treat blood cancers by training the immune system to attack cancer cells with specific mutations.
What could go wrong: This is a very early phase 1 trial with only 86 participants, so it is primarily testing safety and feasibility. The treatment is complex and individualized, and it may not work for everyone or may cause serious side effects from the chemotherapy and cell infusion.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute myeloid leukemia chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive chronic myelomonocytic leukemia hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive myelodysplastic syndrome Myelodysplastic Syndromes plasma cell myeloma Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

BLOOD CANCER DYSMYELOPOIETIC SYNDROMES HEMATOLOGICAL NEOPLASMS HEMATOPOETIC MYELODYSPLASIA HEMATOPOIETIC MALIGNANCIES LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, ACUTE MALIGNANCY, HEMATOLOGIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA, ACUTE NEOPLASMS, HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS, HEMATOPOIETIC NONLYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA, ACUTE

Contacts and locations

Locations

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
RECRUITING

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

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