Could clearing lung bacteria boost cancer treatment?

NCT ID NCT05777603

First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This early-phase trial tests whether adding two inhaled antibiotics (aztreonam and vancomycin) to the standard cancer drug pembrolizumab can help treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The idea is that harmful bacteria in the lungs may help tumors grow, so clearing them might make the cancer treatment work better. About 23 adults with NSCLC that has returned or progressed will take the antibiotics at home for three 21-day cycles while receiving pembrolizumab at the clinic.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance

aerosolized aztreonam, aerosolized vancomycin, and pembrolizumab

What this could lead to

If it works, this could point toward a way to make standard cancer treatment more effective by also treating lung bacteria.

What could go wrong

This is a very early Phase 1 trial with only 23 people, so it is primarily testing safety and dosing. It may not improve outcomes, and the antibiotics can cause side effects like cough or allergic reactions.

Disclaimer Read more

This is a summary of the original study . Summaries may miss details or leave out important information. Before applying or accepting participation, make sure you have read and understood the full study. Curemydisease.com takes no responsibility whatsoever for anything missed, misunderstood, or acted upon as a result of our summary — we know it does not capture everything.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

non-small cell lung carcinoma

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Study contacts

  • Contact

    Phone: •••-•••-•••• Email: •••••@•••••

  • Contact

    Phone: •••-•••-•••• Email: •••••@•••••

Locations

  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

    RECRUITING

    Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

    Contact Phone: •••-•••-••••