COLD EXPOSURE

This study tested whether a nasal spray containing oxytocin can help Navy divers think and perform better after being in cold water. Seventeen recreational swimmers took part. Researchers measured their thinking speed, eye movements, and how hard they felt they were working after…

This study looks at how regular winter swimming—bathing in cold open water during winter—affects blood cells, blood flow, and stress-fighting enzymes in healthy men. Researchers compare winter swimmers to a control group who never swim in cold water and have a sedentary lifestyle…

This study looked at whether a supplement called MitoQ can improve skin blood flow and temperature in the cold, and if it helps Black individuals more, since they face higher cold injury risk. 26 healthy adults took part. The goal was to understand if antioxidants can reduce bloo…

This study tested whether spending 120 minutes in 8°C air for 8 days in a row helps the body adapt to cold. Researchers measured blood flow, hand strength, dexterity, and comfort in 16 healthy adults. The goal is to find ways to keep hands working well in cold conditions, which c…

This study tested how a 15-minute ice pack on the back of the hand changes skin temperature and how cold or comfortable it feels. Thirty-nine healthy young men were randomly assigned to get either an ice pack or a room-temperature water pack. Researchers measured skin temperature…

This completed study tested whether drinking beetroot juice (rich in nitrate) could reduce the strain on the heart and blood vessels caused by caffeine and cold exposure. Twenty-four healthy adults took beetroot powder, caffeine, and a cold foot bath while researchers measured bl…