Gene therapy shot aimed at diabetic nerve pain put to the test
NCT ID NCT02427464
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study tested whether a gene therapy called VM202 could safely reduce pain in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Over 500 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes received either VM202 injections or a placebo in their legs. The main goal was to see if the treatment lowered average daily pain scores over 90 days, while also monitoring for side effects.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Engensis (VM202) gene therapy
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this gene therapy could provide a new way to reduce chronic nerve pain in people with diabetes, potentially offering longer-lasting relief than current medications.
- What could go wrong
- This is a Phase 3 trial, but results may not show a clear benefit over placebo. Gene therapies can have unexpected side effects, and the pain relief might be modest or temporary.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 3
Large-scale testing in a bigger group. Usually the last step before a treatment can be approved.
- Participants
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507 people
The number who actually took part.
- Start date
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Apr 2016
- Finished
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Apr 2019
- Lead sponsor
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A company
The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 to 75 years
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥ 18 years to ≤ 75 years 2. Documented history of type I or II diabetes with current treatment control (HbA1c of ≤ 10.0% at Screening) and currently on medication for diabetes (oral, injectable, and/or insulin) 3. No significant changes anticipated in diabetes medication regimen 4. No new symptoms associated with diabetes within the last 3 months prior to study entry 5. Diagnosis of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in both lower extremities 6. Lower extremity pain for at least 6 months 7. Visual analog scale score of ≥ 40 mm at Initial Screening (0 mm = no pain - 100 mm very severe pain) 8. Symptoms from the Brief Pain Neuropathy Screening is ≤ 5 point difference between legs at Initial Screening 9. The average daily pain intensity score of the Daily Pain and Sleep Interference Diary completed after medication wash-out is ≥ 4 with a standard deviation ≤ 2 10. The physical examination component of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Score is ≥ 3 at Screening 11. Subjects on gabapentin (Neurontin), pregabalin (Lyrica), duloxetine (Cymbalta) for painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy at study entry must be on stable regimen of these treatments for at least 3 months prior to study entry 12. If female of childbearing potential, negative urine pregnancy test at screening and using acceptable method of birth control during the study Exclusion Criteria: 1. Peripheral neuropathy caused by condition other than diabetes 2. Other pain more severe than neuropathic pain that would prevent assessment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 3. Progressive or degenerative neurological disorder 4. Myopathy 5. Inflammatory disorder of the blood vessels (inflammatory angiopathy, such as Buerger's disease) 6. Active infection 7. Chronic inflammatory disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis) 8. Positive HIV or HTLV at Screening 9. Active Hepatitis B or C as determined by Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), antibody to Hepatitis B surface antigen (IgG and IgM; HBsAb), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and Hepatitis C antibodies (Anti HCV) at Screening 10. Subjects with known immunosuppression or currently receiving immunosuppressive drugs, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy 11. Stroke or myocardial infarction within last 3 months 12. Specific laboratory values at Screening including: Hemoglobin \< 8.0 g/dL, WBC \< 3,000 cells per microliter, platelet count \<75,000/mm3, Creatinine \> 2.0 mg/dL; AST and/or ALT \> 3 times the upper limit of normal or any other clinically significant lab abnormality which in the opinion of the investigator should be exclusionary 13. Ophthalmologic conditions pertinent to proliferative retinopathy or conditions that preclude standard ophthalmologic examination 14. Uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained systolic blood pressure \> 200 mmHg or diastolic BP \> 110 mmHg at Screening 15. Subjects with a recent history (\< 5 years) of or new screening finding of malignant neoplasm except basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (if excised and no evidence of recurrence for one year); subjects with family history of colon cancer in any first degree relative are excluded unless they have undergone a colonoscopy in the last 12 months with negative findings 16. Use of the following drugs / therapeutics is prohibited. Subjects may participate in the study if they are willing to discontinue use of these drugs / therapeutics 7 days prior to starting the 7 Day Daily Pain and Sleep Interference Diary. Subjects must refrain from taking these drugs or undergoing these therapies for the duration of the study * skeletal muscle relaxants, opioids, benzodiazepines (except for stable bedtime dose), * capsaicin, local anesthetic creams (except for lidocaine cream prior to intramuscular injection) and patches, isosorbide dinitrate spray, * transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), acupuncture 17. If not using gabapentin (Neurontin) or pregabalin (Lyrica), subjects must agree not to start these drugs for the first 180 days of the study. Subjects on these medications at study entry must maintain a stable dose until Day 180 of the study; 18. If not using duloxetine (Cymbalta), any antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline and venlafaxine), any other antiepileptics (e.g., valproic acid, carbamazepine, vigabatrin), subjects must agree not to start these drugs for the first 6 months of the study. Subjects on these medications at study entry must maintain a stable dose until Day 180 of the study 19. Subjects requiring \> 81 mg daily of acetylsalicylic acid; subjects may be enrolled if willing/able to switch to ≤ 81 mg daily of acetylsalicylic acid or to another medication 20. Subjects requiring regular COX-2 inhibitor drug(s) or non-specific COX-1/COX-2 inhibiting drugs, or high dose steroids (except inhaled steroids or ocular steroids) subjects may be enrolled if willing/able to undergo medication wash-out prior to the first dosing and to refrain from taking these drugs until Day 180 of the study 21. Major psychiatric disorder within the last 180 days that would interfere with study participation 22. Body mass index \> 45 kg/m2 at Screening 23. Any lower extremity amputation due to diabetic complications 24. Use of an investigational drug or treatment in past 6 months, or prior participation in any study of Engensis (VM202) 25. Unable or unwilling to give informed consent
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Arizona Research Center
Phoenix, Arizona, 85023, United States
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Associated Neurologists of Southern Connecticut, PC
Fairfield, Connecticut, 06824, United States
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Center for Clinical Research
San Francisco, California, 94115, United States
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Clinical Research of West Florida
Tampa, Florida, 33603, United States
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Clinical Trials, Inc.
Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, United States
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Columbia University Medical Center Department of Neurology
New York, New York, 10032, United States
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Compass Research, LLC
Orlando, Florida, 32806, United States
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Diablo Clinical Research, Inc.
Walnut Creek, California, 94598, United States
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EVMS (Eastern Virginia Medical School)
Norfolk, Virginia, 23510, United States
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Innovative Research of West Florida
Clearwater, Florida, 33756, United States
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Martin Foot and Ankle
York, Pennsylvania, 17402, United States
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Nerve and Muscle Center of Texas
Houston, Texas, 77030, United States
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Neurological Research Institute
Santa Monica, California, 90404, United States
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Northern California Research
Sacramento, California, 95821, United States
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Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States
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Rainier Clinical Research Center, Inc.
Renton, Washington, 98057, United States
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Raleigh Neurology Associates, P.A.
Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, United States
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Richard S. Cherlin, MD
Los Gatos, California, 95032, United States
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The Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States
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UF Health College of Med, Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, 32207, United States
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University of Florida McKnight Brain Institute
Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
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University of Kansas Medical Center Research Institute
Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, United States
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University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States
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University of Utah -Neurology
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, United States
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Western Washington Medical Group
Everett, Washington, 98208, United States
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