New drug delivery methods tested for tough breast cancer

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged ≥ 18 years old. 2. Pathologically confirmed HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. HER2 positivity is defined as IHC 3+ in \>10% immunoreactive cells or HER2 gene amplification confirmed by in situ hybridization (ISH), which shall be verified by the pathology department of the participating center. 3. Patients with advanced breast cancer who have received no more than 2 lines of prior systemic therapies. 4. Expected survival time ≥ 4 months. 5. Have at least one measurable lesion per RECIST 1.1 criteria (helical CT scan lesion diameter ≥ 10 mm with slice thickness ≤ 5 mm). 6. Adequate major organ function without blood transfusion. 7. Voluntarily participate in the study, sign informed consent form, with good compliance and willingness to complete follow-up visits. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Prior treatment with anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). 2. Known leptomeningeal metastasis or active brain metastasis. 3. A history of other malignancies within the past 5 years, except for cured cervical carcinoma in situ, cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Malignancies cured solely by surgery more than 5 years prior to enrollment are allowed. 4. Major surgery or severe trauma within 4 weeks before enrollment, or planned major surgery during the study period. 5. Participation in other investigational new drug clinical trials within 4 weeks prior to enrollment. 6. Presence of hereditary bleeding tendency or coagulation disorders. 7. Uncontrolled hypertension with systolic blood pressure \>140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \>90 mmHg despite standard antihypertensive therapy. 8. A history of clinically significant pulmonary diseases, including but not limited to interstitial pneumonia, active pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis and radiation pneumonitis (excluding asymptomatic post-radiation changes without treatment requirement). 9. A history of severe cardiac diseases or uncontrolled cardiac conditions, including NYHA class II or higher cardiac insufficiency, unstable angina, myocardial infarction within one year, and arrhythmias requiring clinical intervention. 10. Conditions affecting drug intake and absorption, such as dysphagia, chronic diarrhea and intestinal obstruction. 11. Known allergy to any component of the study drugs. 12. Uncontrolled pleural effusion or ascites that cannot be relieved by drainage or other clinical interventions. 13. Severe uncontrolled comorbidities, including immune deficiency disorders (e.g. HIV positivity, history of organ transplantation), active hepatitis B or hepatitis C, and severe ongoing infections requiring systemic anti-infective treatment. 14. Any other conditions considered inappropriate for study enrollment by the investigator.