Shoulder injury may throw off your whole Body's balance, study finds

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria for rotator cuff pathology group: * Have been diagnosed with unilateral rotator cuff pathology (impingement syndrome, tendinopathy, or partial tear) by a specialist physician through clinical examination and/or radiological imaging (USG/MR); * have been between 18 and 65 years of age; have shoulder pain that has lasted for at least 3 months; * have a positive result on at least two of the Neer, Hawkins-Kennedy, and Empty Can tests; * have pain of at least 3/10 on the Pain Numerical Rating Scale (PMR) during rest or activity; * have sufficient cognitive ability to follow simple instructions and administer the tests; have a Mini Mental State Test score ≥24; * be able to provide signed informed consent and voluntarily agree to participate in the study. Inclusion Criteria for healthy group: * No history of shoulder, neck, or upper back injury and no painful symptoms reported in any of these areas within the last 12 months, * negative shoulder-specific tests (Neer, Hawkins, etc.), full range of motion on physical examination, and cognitive capacity to perform the tests. Exclusion Criteria: * Having undergone previous surgery in the shoulder or thoracic region; * Full-thickness rotator cuff tears requiring surgical indication; adhesive capsulitis, shoulder instability, labrum tears, or calcific tendinitis; * cervical radiculopathy or neurological diseases affecting the upper and lower extremities; * uncontrolled diabetes, inflammatory rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, etc.), or malignancy; * severe osteoporosis in the thoracic region, structural scoliosis or advanced postural deformity that may affect trunk rotation, unstable vertebral fractures, or active infection; * having received steroid (cortisone) or PRP injections in the shoulder region within the last 3 months; * vestibular or visual impairment, those using medications that may affect balance, those with a lower extremity injury within the last 6 months.