New combo therapy aims to tame rare lymphoma without heavy side effects

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * The subject has histopathologically confirmed extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (according to the 2022 WHO classification). * No prior history of anti-lymphoma therapy. * Age ≥ 18 years. * Life expectancy \> 3 months. * Ann Arbor stage I-II. * At least one measurable/evaluable disease site confirmed by diagnostic biopsy prior to the initiation of treatment. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0-2. * Signed informed consent form (ICF). * Willingness and ability to comply with the study protocol. * Sufficient bone marrow, hepatic, and renal function, defined as: 1. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \> 1,000/μL 2. Platelet count \> 50,000/μL 3. Hemoglobin \> 9 g/dL 4. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \< 3× upper limit of normal (ULN) 5. Serum total bilirubin \< 1.5 × ULN (patients with Gilbert's syndrome are eligible) 6. Serum creatinine \< 2 × ULN or creatinine clearance \> 50 mL/min * Availability of tumor tissue samples (preferably fresh tissue; archived tissue samples are acceptable). * For women of childbearing potential, agreement to use adequate contraception to avoid pregnancy during the study treatment period. * For male, agreement to remain abstinent or use a barrier method of contraception. Exclusion Criteria: * Advanced-stage disease (Ann Arbor Stage III-IV). * Nonnasal-type NKTCL. * A history of autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment (i.e., with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressants) within the past 2 years, including but not limited to myasthenia gravis, myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, antiphospholipid antibody-associated vasculopathy, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's), Sjögren's syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, vasculitis, or glomerulonephritis. The following conditions are permissible for enrollment: patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism or type 1 diabetes receiving stable treatment; hormone replacement therapy (e.g., levothyroxine, insulin, or supplementation with physiological hormones for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency) is not considered systemic therapy and is allowed. * A history of other invasive malignancies within the past 3 years that has not been treated with curative intent or is currently receiving anticancer therapy (including hormonal therapy for breast or prostate cancer). * A history of (non-infectious) pneumonia requiring corticosteroid therapy; or clinical evidence of interstitial lung disease or active, non-infectious pneumonia. * Active infections requiring systemic treatment, including: 1. A known history of active tuberculosis; 2. Positive results for HBsAg, HCV, or HIV; HBV seropositivity is permitted only if HBV DNA \< 1000 IU/mL; 3. Active viral infections other than hepatitis B and C (e.g., herpes zoster). * Severe cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction, unstable arrhythmia, or unstable angina occurring within the past 3 months. * Prior treatment with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agents. * Administration of live-attenuated vaccines within 4 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment; patients are prohibited from receiving live-attenuated vaccines during the study period, including influenza vaccines. * Use of systemic immunosuppressive agents within 2 weeks prior to the initiation of study treatment, or planned use of such agents during the study period, including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs. * Evidence of central nervous system involvement. * A history of allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplantation. * A history of severe hypersensitivity reactions (Grade ≥ 3) to PD-1 monoclonal antibodies and/or their excipients, or to gorlitinib and/or its excipients. * Any other factors judged by the investigator to potentially affect compliance with the study protocol.