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Could some rectal cancer patients skip surgery? new study investigates

NCT ID NCT03179540

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study is testing whether active surveillance (watchful waiting) is as safe as surgery for people with low rectal cancer who have a complete response after chemoradiotherapy. About 90 participants will be monitored for 2 years to see how often the cancer returns and whether delayed surgery is still effective. The goal is to avoid major surgery and its side effects for those who may not need it.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
non-operative management (active surveillance)
What this could lead to
If successful, this approach could allow some patients with low rectal cancer to avoid surgery and its side effects, while still controlling the cancer.
What could go wrong
This is a Phase II study with only 90 participants, so results may not apply to everyone. There is a risk of cancer regrowth, and if that happens, surgery may be needed.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 90 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Mar 2018

Expected to finish

Dec 2028

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Completed chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as standard of care \[Stage II and Stage III (T3-T4N0, AnyTN1-2)\]; \[50 Gy (2 Gy x 25 fractions) with 5-FU or capecitabine\] * Planned or probable APR * ALL criteria for complete clinical response are met between 8 and 10 weeks following completion of CRT * 18 years or older * Provides written consent Exclusion Criteria: * Unable to undergo MRI * Metastatic disease (including extramesorectal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes) * Pregnancy * Inflammatory bowel disease * More than one primary colorectal cancer * Other malignancy within 5 years of treatment for current rectal cancer * Unfit for surgery

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Sinai Health System

    RECRUITING

    Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada

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