Immunotherapy duo takes on Hard-to-Treat prostate cancer
NCT ID NCT02985957
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This phase 2 trial tested whether combining two immunotherapy drugs, nivolumab and ipilimumab, could shrink tumors or slow progression in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. 351 participants received either the combination, ipilimumab alone, or the chemotherapy cabazitaxel. The study measured tumor response and progression-free survival to see if the immune-boosting approach offers a new treatment path.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- nivolumab (Opdivo) and ipilimumab (Yervoy)
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this could provide a new immunotherapy option for men with advanced prostate cancer that has stopped responding to hormone therapy.
- What could go wrong
- This is a phase 2 trial, so results are still early. Immunotherapies can cause serious immune-related side effects, and not all patients may benefit.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 2
Tests whether the treatment actually works, and watches for side effects, in a larger group.
- Participants
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351 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Mar 2017
- Finished
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Jan 2025
- Lead sponsor
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A company
The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Male participants only
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1 * Current evidence of metastatic disease documented by either bone lesions on radionuclide bone scan and/or soft tissue lesions on computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI). * Ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with a Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue or a surgical/medical castration with testosterone level of ≤1.73nmol/L (50ng/dL) For crossover phase for participants originally randomized to Arm D3 or Arm D4 only: * Previously randomized to Arm D3 or D4; had histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate and evidence of Stage IV disease (as defined by American Joint Committee of Cancer criteria (AJCC criteria) prior to randomization Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of visceral metastases in the liver * Active brain metastases or leptomeningeal metastases * Active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease or infection * Prior treatment with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, or anti-CTLA-4 antibody, or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways For crossover phase for participants originally randomized to Arm D3 or Arm D4 only: * Prior radiation therapy within 14 days prior to first dose of nivolumab combined with ipilimumab * Have received systemic anti-cancer therapy after the last dose of study treatment (ipilimumab or cabazitaxel) Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Local Institution - 0001
New York, New York, 10029, United States
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Local Institution - 0002
Houston, Texas, 77030, United States
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Local Institution - 0003
Villejuif, 94805, France
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Local Institution - 0004
Marseille, 13273, France
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Local Institution - 0005
Lyon, 69008, France
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Local Institution - 0008
St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States
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Local Institution - 0009
Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
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Local Institution - 0010
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
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Local Institution - 0011
Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
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Local Institution - 0017
Jena, 07747, Germany
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Local Institution - 0018
Münster, 48149, Germany
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Local Institution - 0019
Herne, 44625, Germany
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Local Institution - 0020
Madrid, 28007, Spain
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Local Institution - 0021
Madrid, 28041, Spain
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Local Institution - 0022
Madrid, Sede Madrid, 28027, Spain
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Local Institution - 0023
Santiago Compostela, 15706, Spain
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Local Institution - 0024
Málaga, 29010, Spain
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Local Institution - 0025
Barcelona, 08003, Spain
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Local Institution - 0026
Badajoz, 06006, Spain
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Local Institution - 0027
Gosford, New South Wales, 2250, Australia
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Local Institution - 0028
Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
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Local Institution - 0029
Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
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Local Institution - 0030
Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, 5112, Australia
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Local Institution - 0031
Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
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Local Institution - 0032
Dresden, 01307, Germany
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Local Institution - 0033
Tübingen, 72076, Germany
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Local Institution - 0034
Munich, 81377, Germany
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Local Institution - 0035
Wesel, 46483, Germany
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Local Institution - 0036
Rostock, 18107, Germany
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Local Institution - 0037
Nuremberg, 90419, Germany
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Local Institution - 0038
Göttingen, Lower Saxony, 37075, Germany
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Local Institution - 0041
Braunschweig, 38114, Germany
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Local Institution - 0042
Nürtingen, 72622, Germany
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Local Institution - 0043
Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4012, Australia
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Local Institution - 0044
Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
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Local Institution - 0046
Marietta, Georgia, 30060, United States
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Local Institution - 0047
Allentown, Pennsylvania, 18105, United States
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Local Institution - 0048
Vienna, 1090, Austria
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Local Institution - 0051
Terni, 05100, Italy
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Local Institution - 0052
Milan, 20133, Italy
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Local Institution - 0053
Naples, 80131, Italy
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Local Institution - 0054
Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
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Local Institution - 0055
Krakow, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, 30-688, Poland
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Local Institution - 0059
Wahroonga, New South Wales, 2076, Australia
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Local Institution - 0060
Odense, 5000, Denmark
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Local Institution - 0061
København Ø, 2100, Denmark
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Local Institution - 0062
Aalborg, 9000, Denmark
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Local Institution - 0063
Aarhus N, Central Jutland, 8200, Denmark
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Local Institution - 0065
Lake Success, New York, 11042, United States
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Local Institution - 0066
Koszalin, 75-581, Poland
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Local Institution - 0067
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425, United States
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Local Institution - 0071
Arezzo, 52100, Italy
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Local Institution - 0072
Parma, 43100, Italy
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Local Institution - 0074
Tucson, Arizona, 85711, United States
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Local Institution - 0075
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89169, United States
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Local Institution - 0076
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55404, United States
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Local Institution - 0077
Tigard, Oregon, 97223, United States
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Local Institution - 0078
Albany, New York, 12208, United States
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Local Institution - 0079
Austin, Texas, 78731, United States
More trials for these conditions
Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
- A scanner in the operating room could show surgeons exactly where prostate cancer remains
- New PET tracer aims to light up hidden cancer targets
- Can daily adaptive radiotherapy spare healthy tissue in prostate cancer?
- Can a radioactive tracer and MRI reveal prostate Cancer's true extent?
- Five-Fraction radiation plus hormone therapy tested against High-Risk prostate cancer
- Can a 10-Hour eating window fight cancer fatigue?