Vitamin B12 injection showdown: are two versions the same?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Subjects have been fully informed of the study purpose, nature, procedures, and potential adverse reactions, voluntarily agree to participate, and have signed the informed consent form prior to any study-related procedures. 2. Male or female subjects aged 18 years or older, with an appropriate gender distribution. 3. Body weight: females ≥ 45.0 kg, males ≥ 50.0 kg, and body mass index (BMI) between 19.0 and 26.0 kg/m² (inclusive); BMI = weight (kg) / height² (m²). 4. Subjects are able to communicate effectively with the investigators and can understand and comply with all study requirements. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Known allergy to methylconalamin injection, methylconalamin injection, or any component of the formulations, or history of hypersensitivity (e.g., rash, urticaria). 2. History of clinically significant diseases or any other medical or physiological condition that could interfere with study results, including but not limited to disorders of the hematologic, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, respiratory, nervous, immune, or endocrine systems, malignancy, psychiatric disorders, or metabolic abnormalities. 3. History of significant bleeding tendency, coagulation disorders, systemic bleeding, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. 4. Vaccination with any vaccine or live attenuated vaccine within 1 month prior to dosing, or planned vaccination during the study. 5. Consumption within 48 hours prior to dosing of foods or beverages that may affect metabolism (e.g., grapefruit, pomelo, mango, orange), alcohol, purine-rich or caffeine-containing foods/beverages (e.g., coffee, strong tea, chocolate), or foods rich in vitamin B12 (e.g., animal liver such as pork, beef, chicken, and shellfish such as oysters or clams). 6. Daily excessive consumption of tea, coffee, and/or caffeine-containing beverages (≥8 cups per day, 1 cup = 250 mL) within 3 months prior to screening. 7. Use of any drugs that affect liver enzyme activity within 30 days prior to first dose (e.g., enzyme inducers such as barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, dexamethasone; inhibitors such as SSRIs, ciprofloxacin, diltiazem, macrolides, metronidazole, ketoconazole, verapamil, fluoroquinolones). 8. Use of any medication (prescription, over-the-counter, herbal, vitamin, or dietary supplement) within 2 weeks prior to screening, except for topical medications or eye drops with local effects. 9. Weekly alcohol consumption exceeding 14 units within 3 months prior to screening (1 unit ≈ 360 mL beer or 45 mL spirits with 40% alcohol or 150 mL wine), or positive alcohol breath test, or inability to abstain from alcohol during the study. 10. Smoking ≥5 cigarettes/day within 3 months prior to screening, or inability to stop tobacco use during the study, or positive nicotine test. 11. History of substance abuse within 3 months prior to screening, or positive drug screening. 12. Blood donation or significant blood loss (≥400 mL), transfusion, or use of blood products within 3 months prior to screening, or planned blood donation during the study or within 3 months after study completion. 13. History of surgery within 3 months prior to screening, planned surgery during the study, or history of surgery that may affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion. 14. Use of any investigational drug or participation in any drug/device clinical trial within 3 months prior to screening. 15. Clinically significant abnormalities in vital signs, physical examination, laboratory tests (hematology, urinalysis, blood biochemistry, coagulation), chest X-ray, or 12-lead ECG. 16. Positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C antibody (HCV-Ab), syphilis antibody (anti-TP), or HIV antibody (anti-HIV). 17. Subjects with special dietary requirements unable to comply with standardized study diet. 18. Subjects unable to tolerate venipuncture or with difficult venous access, or history of orthostatic hypotension, syncope, or needle phobia. 19. Male (or their partner) or female subjects planning pregnancy, egg/sperm donation, unwilling to use effective contraception, positive pregnancy test, or lactating females from signing consent to 1 month after last dose. 20. Subjects deemed unsuitable for participation by their own reason or at the investigator's discretion.